Differentiate betweeen cytokinesis and karyokinesis
Asked by tusharparik • 14 days ago
Differentiate betweeen cytokinesis and karyokinesis
Answers
Cytokinesis vs. Karyokinesis
Cytokinesis and karyokinesis are both essential processes in cell division, but they refer to different events. Karyokinesis involves the division of the nucleus, while cytokinesis involves the division of the cytoplasm.
Karyokinesis (Nuclear Division)
Karyokinesis, also known as mitosis, is the process by which the nucleus of a cell divides into two identical nuclei. This process ensures that each daughter cell receives the correct number and type of chromosomes.
- Purpose: To divide the genetic material equally between two daughter cells.
- Process: It consists of four main phases: prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase.
Cytokinesis (Cytoplasmic Division)
Cytokinesis is the process that follows karyokinesis, where the cytoplasm of a single cell is divided into two separate daughter cells. This results in the physical separation of the cell into two individual cells.
- Purpose: To physically separate the cell into two daughter cells, each with its own nucleus and organelles.
- Process:
- In animal cells, a cleavage furrow forms and pinches the cell in two.
- In plant cells, a cell plate forms and develops into a new cell wall separating the two daughter cells.
Example
Imagine a cell undergoing division. First, karyokinesis ensures that the genetic material (chromosomes) is duplicated and divided equally into two sets. Then, cytokinesis physically splits the cell into two, each containing one of the newly formed nuclei and a share of the cytoplasm and organelles.
Important Note: Karyokinesis and cytokinesis are coordinated processes. In most cases, cytokinesis begins during the late stages of karyokinesis (telophase). However, there are exceptions where karyokinesis occurs without cytokinesis, resulting in multinucleated cells.
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