How does law of conversation of energy apply to pendelum?
Asked by tusharparik • 11 days ago
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Science - Law of Conservation of Energy in a Pendulum
The Law of Conservation of Energy states that energy cannot be created or destroyed, but it can be transformed from one form to another. In a pendulum, this principle governs the continuous exchange between potential and kinetic energy.
Understanding Energy Transformation
A pendulum's motion is a classic example of energy transformation. At the highest point of its swing, the pendulum has maximum potential energy and minimum kinetic energy. As it swings downward, potential energy converts into kinetic energy, reaching maximum kinetic energy at the lowest point. This process repeats as the pendulum swings back up.
Pendulum Energy Diagram
Imagine a pendulum swinging:
Highest Point (A): Maximum Potential Energy, Minimum Kinetic Energy
Lowest Point (B): Minimum Potential Energy, Maximum Kinetic Energy
Highest Point (C): Maximum Potential Energy, Minimum Kinetic Energy
Energy Exchange Example
Consider a pendulum released from a certain height. As it falls:
- Potential energy decreases because height decreases.
- Kinetic energy increases because speed increases.
At the bottom of the swing, almost all potential energy has converted into kinetic energy.
Important Note: In reality, some energy is lost due to air resistance and friction at the pivot point. This is why a pendulum eventually comes to rest. In an idealized (theoretical) pendulum, this energy loss is ignored.
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