Solved Sample Paper 3

Right to information

Reason — Right to information refers to a citizen's right to access information that is held by the state.

Post Office Protocol version 3

Reason — POP3 stands for Post Office Protocol version 3. POP3 helps to retrieve e-mails from a remote web server using a local client.

POST

Reason — POST method sends the form information in the HTTP environment.

web client, web server

Reason — In WWW, a client is called web client and a server is called web server.

an organisation

Reason — A domain name ending with .org belongs to an organisation.

<IMG>

Reason — <IMG> tag is used to insert an image in HTML. The syntax is as follows:

<IMG SRC = "IMAGE.JPG" ALT = "Image cannot be displayed">

rows

Reason — In the rules attribute, the rows value helps to display a border only between rows.

<TR>

Reason — <TD> tag can only be present inside <TR> tag.

1024

Reason — The value for alt attribute is a text string of upto 1024 characters.

<BR>

Reason — The <BR> tag is used to add single line of space.

Both A and R are true and R is a correct explanation of A.

Reason — A is true as in telecommunications, 4G is the Fourth Generation of mobile phone communication standards. R is true as a 4G system provides mobile ultra-broadband Internet access.

Both A and R are true and R is a correct explanation of A.

Reason — A is true as when <BR> tag is used before an image, the image moves to the next line. R is true and it correctly explains assertion A as <BR> tag is used to insert a line break which means the test/image following the tag will be moved to the next line when displayed in the browser.

(i) Protocol

(ii) Internet Service Provider (ISP)

A modem is a device that modulates outgoing digital signals from a computer or other digital devices to analog signals. It also demodulates the incoming analog signals and converts them to digital signals for the digital device.

Mobile Banking refers to making financial transactions using a mobile device like a smartphone, tablet, etc. Mobile banking apps offer a convenient and secure way to manage one's finances, without the need to visit a bank branch or ATM.

The attributes of <SELECT> tag which are used to create drop down menus are:

1. name — It shows the name of drop down list.
2. size — It displays the height of the list i.e., the number of options a list contains.
3. disabled — It specifies that the drop down list should be disabled.

Secure Electronic Transaction (SET) is a protocol designed to enhance the security of electronic payments over the internet. It was developed by Visa and Mastercard and it ensures confidentiality, integrity, and authentication of online transactions.

SET employs digital certificates and encryption to safeguard sensitive information, providing a secure environment for e-commerce by protecting against fraud and unauthorized access to payment data.

The advantages of Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) are:

1. SSL provides a secure and encrypted connection, protecting sensitive information from unauthorized access and ensuring the confidentiality of data.
2. SSL provides the means for establishing the authenticity of the websites we are connecting to.

SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) is the standard protocol for sending emails across the Internet. SMTP is an application layer protocol which is used by mail servers to send, receive, and relay emails between senders and receivers.

The SMTP standard defines the conversation between the sender of the e-mail and the SMTP mail server that delivers the mail. In a SMTP conversation, the sender issues a certain sequence of commands to the receiving SMTP server. Generally, if the sender issues valid commands and the intended recepients of the e-mail are valid accounts on the receiving server, the receiving server will accept the message and attempt to deliver it.

Two attributes of <TD> tag are:

1. align — This attribute is used to control the horizontal alignment of the contents of a cell. It can have values left, right and center.
2. width — This attribute is used to define the width of a cell either in pixels or in percentage value of table width.

The data cell defines a cell of a table that contains data.

<TD> (Table Data) tag is the <TABLE> tag which is used to create data cell. It is placed inside the <TR> (Table Row) tag.

Freedom of information refers to the right to access information available on public platforms. Freedom of Information was established for transparency, government accountability, education and general public protection against mismanagement and corruption.

Cascading Style Sheet is a programming specification markup language used for web development. It is a collection of rules called styles that affect the visual appearance of contents of a web page. CSS can set colors, fonts, backgrounds, borders, margins and even the placement of elements on a web page.

(i) The dir attribute of HTML tag specifies the direction of an element's text. This attribute can have the values either ltr (left to right) or rtl (right to left). By default, the value of dir attribute is ltr.

(ii) The equivalent inline CSS for the following HTML tags is as follows:

(a) <body style = "background-color: red;">

(b) <img src = "garden.jpg" style = "height: 15px; width: 30px;">

(i) A two-way videophone conversation among multiple participants by using computer networks to transmit audio and video data, is called Video Conferencing.

(ii) The requirements for video conferencing are:

1. Multimedia PCs
2. Video Cameras
3. Microphones
4. Internet connection
5. Video conferencing software

(iii) Skype is the most popular software for video conferencing

(iv) The benefits of using video conferencing are:

1. Cost and time savings — It reduces travel expenses and saves valuable time spent in reaching the venue of meeting.
2. Enhanced communication and collaboration — It improves communication and collaboration resulting in faster decision-making.
3. Increased efficiency and productivity — It enables sharing documents and presentations during meetings making it easier to provide updates, have real-time discussions and conduct training sessions.

(i) Plagiarism is stealing someone else's intellectual work, such as an idea, literary work or academic work etc., and representing it as our own work without giving credit to creator or without citing the source of information.

(ii) The intentions behind plagiarism may be:

1. Lack of creativity or skills to generate original content.
2. Pressures such as tight deadlines or academic demands.
3. The desire for praise, recognition, or success.
4. Fear of failure, punishment, or negative consequences.

(iii) The precautions which can be taken to avoid plagiarism are:

1. One must specify the source, which informs the reader about the basis of one's ideas and the extent of one's research.
2. To avoid plagiarism, one should refer to several sources, understand the concept, and then pen down one's understanding of the topic.
3. One should use quotation marks around all the quoted words to avoid plagiarism.

(iv) To avoid plagiarism while referring to someone else's creation, we must give credit whenever we use:

1. Another person's idea, opinion, or theory
2. Quotations of another person's actual spoken or written words
3. Paraphrase of another person's spoken or written words