Types of Software

Tally

Rohit can use a compressor software to compress the file and make it smaller in size. Then, he can use cloud services to transfer the file to his head office.

Cipher

I will advise the multinational organization to keep their files and data in back up storage devices in order to restore original files at the time of such failures.

The collection of programs and procedures that instructs a computer how to perform different types of tasks is called Software.

The Utility software support the smooth functioning of the computer and run the various programs efficiently.

Compression helps to reduce consumption of storage space and ensures faster transfer of large files.

Disk Cleanup is the facility to free up disk space by deleting files that are not being used for a long time.

A Spreadsheet program helps to perform calculations, analyze data, and display the information in a tabular manner.

A Compiler transforms human readable source code of an entire program into machine language code.

Device Drivers are special programs which control the execution of a particular hardware device.

DTP stands for Desktop Publishing.

Encryption is a process of conversion of data into a form that cannot easily be understood by anyone.

The functions of Operating System are as follows:

1. Processor Management — An operating system manages the working of the processor by allocating various jobs to it. It also ensures that each process and application receives enough time by the processor to function properly.
2. Memory Management — An operating system manages the sharing of internal memory among multiple applications. It assigns memory to various programs whenever required. It also frees the memory when it is not in use.
3. Device Management — An operating system controls the working of all input and output (I/O) devices.
4. File Management — An Operating System keeps track of information regarding creation, deletion, transfer, copy, and storage of files in an organized way.
5. Error Detection and Security — It provides security by means of passwords to prevent the misuse of a computer.
6. Job Scheduling — In a multitasking Operating System where multiple programs run at the same time, the Operating System determines which applications should run in which order and how much time should be allocated for each application in turn.

Customized software is a software that is specially designed for a particular organization or user according to their requirements. It is built to cater to the needs of a specific company not the mass market.

It can easily be modified according to the changing requirements. It helps integrating different types of work in a single software, thus eliminating the need of purchasing multiple applications and licences.

An example of customized software is commercial websites.

Virus scanner/cleaner software are computer programs to identify, prevent, and remove viruses from our computer. It helps us to safeguard our data from virus.

Antivirus software performs the following functions in our computer:

1. Scan the computer files to look for virus.
2. Identify suspicious behaviour from other computers.
3. Remove the programs which indicate infection.

Desktop Publishing packages can combine both text and graphic features to design professional documents for a variety of purposes. DTP software is used by media professionals to outline and execute editorial projects like newsletters, printed forms, advertisements, brochures, posters, magazines, books, etc.

With features for color management, templates, and collaboration, it streamlines the design process. It's crucial for creating high-quality, error-free print and digital content. This makes DTP software indispensable in various industries, where visually appealing, well-structured documents are essential for effective communication and branding.

The Specific Purpose Application Software are developed by programmers to perform only specific tasks. Two Specific Purpose Application Softwares are:

1. Accounting management — Accounts are the backbone of every organization. Thus, a proper accounting software is needed by all to store and manage these account transactions. Tally is the most popular accounting software in India. Wings and Busy are some other popular accounting software in India.
2. Reservation System — The need to have an efficient reservation system with global usage patterns for airlines, hotels, etc. has been met by different companies with the integration of databases. Most of the reservation software are web-based. They can store essential data and operate on customer related transactions online. For example, makemytrip.com, yatra.com, etc.

Data backup and recovery software is essential for safeguarding valuable digital assets and ensuring business continuity. It provides a means to routinely and securely duplicate critical data, protecting it from loss due to hardware failure, human error, cyber attacks, or disasters.

In the event of data loss, this software enables the rapid restoration of files, databases, or entire systems, minimizing downtime and potential financial losses. Its utility extends to individual users, businesses, and organizations, offering peace of mind, compliance with data protection regulations, and the ability to recover and resume operations swiftly, preserving data integrity and productivity.

1. Word Processing Software — A word processor helps us to create structured text documents quickly and efficiently. It provides multiple features to manipulate the text in a desired way. we can easily add, delete, rearrange, or beautify the text through formatting and also produce a hard copy of the document. For example, MS-Word, Writer, Word Pro, WordPad, etc.

2. Database Management System — In a computer, a database software helps us to store and manage a large amount of information in an organized way. We can create, add, find, update, sort, and search the information stored in a database. We can also present the information in the form of professionally designed reports. Some examples of database management software are MS-Access, Oracle, Base, etc.

Operating System

Reason — A master control program that runs the computer is an Operating System.

Operating System

Reason — Operating System is a software component.

User and Hardware

Reason — GUI is used as an interface between User and Hardware.

Presentation Software

Reason — MS PowerPoint is an example of Presentation Software.

Database Management

Reason — Database Management is not a function of an Operating System.

MS DOS

Reason — MS DOS is CUI based Operating System.

System Software

Reason — System Software is a collection of one or more programs, which is designed to control the overall operation and performance of the computer system.

Interpreter

Reason — Interpreter converts a program written in a High Level Language into Machine Language program line by line.

Disk Management

Reason — Disk cleanup is a Disk Management tool.

Customized

Reason — Customized Application software is used in the Billing System.

Virus Scanner Cleaner

Reason — Kaspersky is a type of Virus Scanner Cleaner Application software.

Operating System

Reason — Operating System acts as a co-ordinator between hardware and software.

Hardware

Reason — The physical component of the computer system which we can touch and feel is called Hardware.

All of these

Reason — General Purpose Application Software includes Presentation Software, DBMS and Word Processing software.

General Purpose

Reason — General Purpose software is commonly designed to meet the needs of individual or organisations.

Mnemonic

Reason — Assembly language uses Mnemonic codes.

Desktop apps

Reason — Desktop apps do not need web access and run independently on computer.

Native app

Reason — Native apps are designed keeping in mind the device specifications.

mobile apps

Reason — Mobile apps are usually smaller in size as the devices on which they are installed have limited memory.

Web

Reason — Web apps are usually browser based and stored on a remote server.

Two types of software are:

1. System Software
2. Application Software

System software is a collection of one or more programs, which are designed to control the overall operation and performance of a computer system. For example, operating system,device drivers etc.

Disk Cleanup utility searches the computer hard disk for unnecessary files that are not being used for a long time and occupying huge amount of space. It helps to free up disk space by deleting these files which can be of the following types- Temporary internet files, Downloaded program files, Recycle bin files, Windows temporary files, etc.

A Disk Defragmenter program is used to rearrange all files and directories into one contiguous area of disk and consolidate the free space in one contiguous block. This helps in smooth and speedy retrieval of data from the disk.

Encryption is primarily used in defense services. It is even used in civilian systems, like Online Banking, E-commerce, Mobile Services, etc., to facilitate secret communication and privacy of data.

Flexcrypt is the most popular encryption software which can be downloaded free of charge.

a. Operating System — Windows XP, Linus

b. Desktop Publishing Software — PageMaker, CorelDRAW

c. Database Management System — MS-Access, Oracle

d. Backup Software — Delta copy, Ace Backup

e. Antivirus Software — McAfee, Norton

f. Programming Language — Java, Python

a. CUI(Operating System) — DOS

b. GUI (Operating System) — Windows XP

c. Compression Software — WinZip

d. Multimedia Software — Windows Media Player

e. Presentation Software — e. Presentation Software — Microsoft PowerPoint

Two languages where either interpreter or compiler is used are Java and C++.

a. Assembler — An assembler is a program used to translate mnemonic operation codes to their machine language equivalents.

b. Interpreter — An interpreter converts a program written in a High Level Language into the Machine language program line by line and simultaneously executes the converted line. If an error is found, it displays the error and does not proceed till the error is rectified.

c. Compiler — A compiler is a computer program that transforms human readable source code of an entire computer program into the machine language code. It converts the entire program at one go. If an error is found, it gives the error list along with the line numbers.

d. Object Code — Object code is a set of statements which is usually generated by a compiler after converting a high level language program into machine language.

e. Source Code — Source code is a set of statements in a High-Level programming language.

f. Program — A set of instructions which performs a specified task is called a program.

False

Reason — School software is a part of Customised Application Software.

False

Reason — Encryption is the process of converting the data which cannot be understood by all humans.

True

Reason — Mobile apps are usually developed for a specific Operating System and device.

False

Reason — An Antivirus software in a computer does not guarantee the 100 % protection from virus, as the installed Antivirus program would not be able to detect new virus programs.

True

Reason — Tally, Wings and Busy are some popular accounting software in India.

False

Reason — The storage of a file in several non-contiguous areas of a disk rather than a single contiguous unit is called Disk Fragmentation.

False

Reason — DBMS is a General Purpose Application Software.

False

Reason — Interpreter converts and executes High Level Language to machine language line by line.

True

Reason — Encryption is done using an algorithm called cipher.

False

Reason — We can easily create, add, find, update, and sort the information stored in a database.