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Solutions for Geography, Class 9, CBSE
Which are the major physiographic divisions of India? Contrast the relief of the Himalayan region with that of the Peninsular plateau.
The major physiographic divisions of India are:
Differences between the relief of the Himalayan region and Peninsular plateau are:
Sn No. | Himalayan region | Peninsular plateau |
---|---|---|
1. | The Himalayan region comprises of relatively new young fold mountains. | The Peninsular plateau is an ancient part of Earth's landmass. |
2. | The Himalayas were formed as a result of the collision between the Indo-Australian and Eurasian plates. | The Peninsular plateau was formed due to breaking and drifting of Gondwana land. |
3. | The Himalayan region is the shape of an arc. | The Peninsular plateau is in the shape of a triangle. |
4. | The Himalayan region has three parallel ranges : Himadri, Himachal and Shiwaliks. | The Peninsular plateau has two parts : the Central highland and the Deccan Plateau. |
5. | The Himalayan region is composed of Sedimentary rocks. | The Peninsular plateau is composed of the old crystalline, igneous and metamorphic rocks. |
6. | The average elevation in the Himalayan region is much higher ranging from 3,000 meters to over 8,000 meters. | The average elevation in the peninsular plateau is much lower ranging from 300 meters to 600 meters. |
7. | The Himalayan region is characterized by rugged terrain, deep gorges, high mountain peaks, and extensive river systems, including the Ganges, Brahmaputra, and their tributaries. | The Peninsular plateau is generally flatter and has more gently rolling hills and plateaus, with the Western and Eastern Ghats forming prominent mountain ranges along its edges. It also contains tablelands like the Malwa Plateau and Deccan Plateau. |
Give an account of the Northern Plains of India.
Write short notes on the following.
(i) The Indian Desert
(ii) The Central Highlands
(iii) The Island groups of India
(i) The Indian Desert — The Indian desert lies towards the western margins of the Aravali Hills. It is an undulating sandy plain covered with sand dunes. This region receives less than 150 mm rainfall per year. It has arid climate with low vegetation cover. Streams appear during the rainy season and then disappear. Luni is the only large river in this region. Crescent-shaped dunes or Barchans are common here but longitudinal dunes become more prominent near the Indo-Pakistan boundary.
(ii) The Central Highlands — The Central Highlands is one of the two parts of the Peninsular plateau. The Central Highlands is the part lying to the north of the Narmada river, covering a major area of the Malwa plateau. It is bounded by the Vindhyan range and the Satpura range on the south and the Aravalis on the northwest. The further westward extension gradually merges with the sandy and rocky desert of Rajasthan. The flow of the rivers draining this region, namely the Chambal, the Sind, the Betwa and the Ken is from southwest to northeast, thus indicating the slope. The Central Highlands are wider in the west but narrower in the east. The eastern extensions of Central Highlands are called Bundelkhand and Baghelkhand, while the Chotanagpur plateau extends further east and is drained by the Damodar river.
(iii) The Island groups of India — India has two groups of islands — the Lakshadweep islands group and the Andaman and Nicobar islands.
What is the bhabar?
The rivers, after descending from the mountains deposit pebbles in a narrow belt of about 8 to 16 km in width lying parallel to the slopes of the Shiwaliks. It is known as Bhabar.
Name the three major divisions of the Himalayas from north to south.
The three major divisions of the Himalayas from north to south are:
Which plateau lies between the Aravali and the Vindhyan ranges?
Malwa Plateau lies between the Aravali and the Vindhyan ranges.
Name the island group of India having coral origin.
Lakshadweep
A landmass bounded by sea on three sides is referred to as
Peninsula
Mountain ranges in the eastern part of India forming its boundary with Myanmar are collectively called
Purvachal
The western coastal strip, south of Goa is referred to as
Kannad
The highest peak in the Eastern Ghats is
Mahendragiri
Bhangar and Khadar
Sn. No. | Bhangar | Khadar |
---|---|---|
1. | Bhangar is made up of calcareous deposits called kankar. | Khadar is formed of fine silt and clay. |
2. | Bhangar is older alluvium soil. | Khadar is renewed almost every year. |
2. | Bhangar is less fertile. | Khadar is very fertile. |
Western Ghats and Eastern Ghats
Sn. No. | Western Ghats | Eastern Ghats |
---|---|---|
1. | The Western Ghats mark the western edge of the Deccan plateau along the Arabian sea. | The Eastern Ghats mark the eastern edge of the Deccan plateau along the Bay of Bengal. |
2. | The Western Ghats are continuous and can be crossed through passes only. | The Eastern Ghats are discontinuous and irregular and dissected by rivers. |
3. | Western Ghats are higher. Their average elevation is 900–1600 metres. | Eastern Ghats are lower with average elevation of 600 metres. |
The names of the glaciers and passes that lie in the Great Himalayas.
Glaciers — Gangotri, Yamunotri, Zemu, Satopanth, Pindari, Siachen.
Passes — Nathu La, Rohtang La, Shipki La, Karakoram, Bomdila
The name of the states where the highest peaks are located.
Location of Mussoorie, Nainital, Ranikhet from your atlas also name the state where they are located.
Mussoorie, Nainital and Ranikhet are located in Uttarakhand in lesser Himalayas.