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Control and Coordination — Question 12

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Question 12

What is the difference between the manner in which movement takes place in a sensitive plant and the movement in our legs?

Answer
Movement of sensitive plantsMovement in our legs
In sensitive plant, the movement takes place as they use electrical-chemical means to convey the information from cell to cell, but there is no specialised tissue in plants for the conduction of information.In humans, movement of leg occurs according to the control of nervous system. Specialised cells i.e neurons are responsible for transmission of impulse.
The plant cells change shape by changing the amount of water in them, resulting in swelling or shrinking, and therefore in changing shapes.Specialised proteins found in animal muscle cells regulates the movement of leg.
Plant movement is always due to a physical stimulus.It can occur due to reflex action or cognitive thinking may also be involved.
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Science | Chapter 6: Control and CoordinationWeb Content

Chapter 6: Control and Coordination — Quick Revision Guide

Introduction

Control and coordination in organisms is achieved through the nervous system (fast, electrical signals) and the endocrine system (slow, chemical hormones). Plants coordinate using phytohormones.

Key Points at a Glance

  1. Neuron: cell body + dendrites (receive) + axon (transmit) + synapse (chemical transmission between neurons)
  2. Reflex arc: receptor → sensory nerve → spinal cord → motor nerve → effector; involuntary, fast
  3. Brain: cerebrum (thinking, memory), cerebellum (balance), medulla (involuntary actions); protected by skull + CSF
  4. Plant tropisms: phototropism (light), geotropism (gravity), hydrotropism (water), chemotropism (chemicals), thigmotropism (touch)
  5. Nastic movements: non-directional; Mimosa pudica folds on touch (thigmonasty)
  6. Plant hormones: auxin (elongation), gibberellin (stem growth), cytokinin (cell division), abscisic acid (growth inhibitor), ethylene (ripening)
  7. Animal hormones: GH (growth), thyroxine (metabolism, needs iodine), adrenaline (fight-or-flight), insulin (lowers blood sugar), testosterone/estrogen (sexual characters)
  8. Feedback mechanism: blood sugar regulated by insulin (lowers) and glucagon (raises); homeostasis

Real-World Connections

Reflexes protect us from burns and injury; diabetes is managed with insulin injections; iodised salt prevents goitre; artificial ripening of fruits uses ethylene gas.

Quick Self-Test (5 Questions)

  1. What is the most important concept you learned from this chapter?
  2. Can you write three key equations/formulae from this chapter from memory?
  3. Draw a labelled diagram relevant to this chapter without looking at your notes.
  4. Explain one real-world application of a concept from this chapter.
  5. What is one common mistake students make in this chapter, and how can you avoid it?

Further Study

  • NCERT Textbook Chapter 6
  • NCERT Exemplar Problems
  • Bright Tutorials Detailed Notes: ch06-control-coordination.html
  • Bright Tutorials Practice Questions: ch06-control-coordination.html
  • Previous Year CBSE Board Papers

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