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CBSE Class 10 Science Question 11 of 12

Control and Coordination — Question 5

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Question 5

Design an experiment to demonstrate hydrotropism.

Answer

Growth movement of the roots of the plant towards water is called hydrotropism.

Below experiment demonstrates hydrotropism:

Procedure

  1. Take two beakers 1 and 2.
  2. In beaker 1 add moist soil and sow the seeds.
  3. In beaker 2 add dry soil in one part and moist soil in another part and sow the seeds. Also, place a small porous pot containing water in the dry part adjacent to the seedling.
  4. Leave the set up for few days so that the plant can grow.

Observation

  1. In beaker 1, the plant grows normally and the roots are straight.
  2. In beaker 2, the roots bend towards the source of water and do not grow straight.
Design an experiment to demonstrate hydrotropism. NCERT Class 10 Science CBSE Solutions.

Conclusion

This experiment confirms that roots of a plant show positive hydrotropism as they bend towards the source of water (porous pot).

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Science | Chapter 6: Control and CoordinationWeb Content

Chapter 6: Control and Coordination — Quick Revision Guide

Introduction

Control and coordination in organisms is achieved through the nervous system (fast, electrical signals) and the endocrine system (slow, chemical hormones). Plants coordinate using phytohormones.

Key Points at a Glance

  1. Neuron: cell body + dendrites (receive) + axon (transmit) + synapse (chemical transmission between neurons)
  2. Reflex arc: receptor → sensory nerve → spinal cord → motor nerve → effector; involuntary, fast
  3. Brain: cerebrum (thinking, memory), cerebellum (balance), medulla (involuntary actions); protected by skull + CSF
  4. Plant tropisms: phototropism (light), geotropism (gravity), hydrotropism (water), chemotropism (chemicals), thigmotropism (touch)
  5. Nastic movements: non-directional; Mimosa pudica folds on touch (thigmonasty)
  6. Plant hormones: auxin (elongation), gibberellin (stem growth), cytokinin (cell division), abscisic acid (growth inhibitor), ethylene (ripening)
  7. Animal hormones: GH (growth), thyroxine (metabolism, needs iodine), adrenaline (fight-or-flight), insulin (lowers blood sugar), testosterone/estrogen (sexual characters)
  8. Feedback mechanism: blood sugar regulated by insulin (lowers) and glucagon (raises); homeostasis

Real-World Connections

Reflexes protect us from burns and injury; diabetes is managed with insulin injections; iodised salt prevents goitre; artificial ripening of fruits uses ethylene gas.

Quick Self-Test (5 Questions)

  1. What is the most important concept you learned from this chapter?
  2. Can you write three key equations/formulae from this chapter from memory?
  3. Draw a labelled diagram relevant to this chapter without looking at your notes.
  4. Explain one real-world application of a concept from this chapter.
  5. What is one common mistake students make in this chapter, and how can you avoid it?

Further Study

  • NCERT Textbook Chapter 6
  • NCERT Exemplar Problems
  • Bright Tutorials Detailed Notes: ch06-control-coordination.html
  • Bright Tutorials Practice Questions: ch06-control-coordination.html
  • Previous Year CBSE Board Papers

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