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Magnetic Effects of Electric Current — Question 3

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Question 3

A positively-charged particle (alpha-particle) projected towards the west is deflected towards north by a magnetic field. The direction of magnetic field is

  1. towards south
  2. towards east
  3. downward
  4. upward
Answer

upward

Reason — The direction of the magnetic field can be determined using Fleming's Left-hand rule. According to this rule, if we arrange our thumb, forefinger and the middle finger of the left hand right perpendicular to each other, then the thumb points towards the direction of the magnetic force, the middle finger towards the direction of current and the forefinger gives the direction of magnetic field.

As the direction of the positively charged particle is towards the west, the direction of the current will also be towards the west. The direction of the magnetic force is towards the north. Hence the direction of the magnetic field will be upward.

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Science | Chapter 12: Magnetic Effects of Electric CurrentWeb Content

Chapter 12: Magnetic Effects of Electric Current — Quick Revision Guide

Introduction

Electric current creates magnetic fields, and changing magnetic fields can generate electric current. This chapter covers magnetic field patterns, electromagnets, electric motors, generators, and domestic wiring.

Key Points at a Glance

  1. Oersted's experiment: current-carrying wire deflects compass needle — current produces magnetic field
  2. Straight wire: concentric circular field lines; right-hand thumb rule for direction
  3. Solenoid: uniform field inside (like bar magnet); electromagnet = solenoid + soft iron core
  4. Force on current-carrying conductor in magnetic field; Fleming's Left-Hand Rule: F(thumb), B(forefinger), I(middle)
  5. Electric motor: electrical → mechanical energy; coil + magnets + split ring commutator + brushes
  6. Electromagnetic induction (Faraday): changing magnetic flux induces current; relative motion required
  7. Fleming's Right-Hand Rule (generator): B(forefinger), motion(thumb), induced current(middle)
  8. Electric generator: mechanical → electrical energy; AC generator uses slip rings; DC uses split rings
  9. AC advantage: long-distance transmission via transformers (step-up reduces current, minimises I2R loss)
  10. Domestic circuit: live (220V) + neutral + earth; fuse/MCB for overload protection; earthing for safety

Real-World Connections

Electric motors in fans, mixers, vehicles; generators in power stations; MRI uses powerful electromagnets; household circuit safety with fuses, MCBs, and earthing.

Quick Self-Test (5 Questions)

  1. What is the most important concept you learned from this chapter?
  2. Can you write three key equations/formulae from this chapter from memory?
  3. Draw a labelled diagram relevant to this chapter without looking at your notes.
  4. Explain one real-world application of a concept from this chapter.
  5. What is one common mistake students make in this chapter, and how can you avoid it?

Further Study

  • NCERT Textbook Chapter 12
  • NCERT Exemplar Problems
  • Bright Tutorials Detailed Notes: ch12-magnetic-effects.html
  • Bright Tutorials Practice Questions: ch12-magnetic-effects.html
  • Previous Year CBSE Board Papers

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