Did the customers love the new bangles?
Read the following sentence.
Ananya
had completed
her schooling before she
joined
the factory.
The underlined part is an example of past perfect tense. We use the past perfect tense to talk about an action that took place and was completed before another action in the past.
We use both past perfect (for the first action) and past simple (for the second action) in such sentences.
In the above sentence, Ananya’s education is the first action which took place before she joined the factory (next action).
Rule: Subject + has/have + Verb + Object
Identify the first action and the second action in the given sentences.
Answer:
First action
Second action
1. had dispersed
reached the market
2. had finished
called her
3. had switched off
rang the doorbell
4. had ended
reached the cinema
5. had set
the phone ring
Write more sentences like the ones given previously with the help of your teacher and classmates.
Answer:
She had gone to the market before it started raining.
They had eaten dinner before I arrived.
He had completed the project before the deadline.
We had visited the museum before it closed.
I had finished my homework when my friend called.
The children had played outside, before their parents came home.
She had read the book before the test began.
They had studied French before moving to Paris.
He had written the letter before the post office closed.
Note to the Teacher
Revisit the rules of simple past tense with the learners.
It is Important to draw the learners’ attention to the fact that the first and the second actions are to be determined by the meaning and not by their positions of occurrence (first and second) in a sentence.
Let us Speak (Page 126)
A. Try speaking the following lines. Start slow and gradually increase your speed. See how many times you can say each one without stopping or making a mistake.
a. Red lorry blue lorry.
b. Babli bought beautiful bangles but the bangles broke.
e. Ravi read a red book.
d. Green glass globes glow green.
e. Ten tiny turtles take turns talking.
Answer:
Do it yourself.
B. Glass bangles are an important part of the Indian culture, especially during festivals. Are there any crafts or
traditions in your region that are linked to festivals? Share with your class.
Answer:
Do it yourself.
Let us Listen (Page 127)
Your teacher will read out the paragraph given below. Listen carefully.
Arjun and his sister, Meera, help their mother prepare besan laddus. First, their mother roasts chickpea flour in a pan until it turns golden brown. Their father then adds ghee and sugar to the mixture and stirs it well and then transfers it to a big bowl to let the mixture cool.
When it is slightly cool, Meera and Arjun shape the mixture into small round balls. Finally, the kids decorate each laddu with a sprinkle of chopped nuts.
Write the correct sequence of steps that Aarav, Meera, and their parents take to prepare the laddus.
1. The father adds ghee and sugar to the mixture and stirs it well.
2. The mother roasts chickpea flour in a pan until it turns golden brown.
3. The kids decorate each laddu with a sprinkle of chopped nuts.
4. Meera and Arjun shape the mixture into small round balls.
5. Arjun and his sister, Meera, help their mother prepare besan laddus.
Answer:
5 → 2 → 1 → 4 → 3
Let us Write (Page 128)
A. Write a paragraph of 80-100 words on how you recently celebrated a festival.
Hints: Special dish, meeting with friends and family, prayer, any other related ritual.
Answer:
Sample Answer: Recently we celebrated Eid al- Fitr. It is also known as Ramadan. We wore new clothes and offered prayer in the Eidgah. We prayed to Alah for the well being of all, Our mother had prepared a sweet dish called Sewaiynh. We ate together sitting on the floor. In the evening we visited our relatives and exchanged our
wishes. We all were very happy.
B. Look at the pictures given below.
Discuss with your teacher and write a paragraph of 100-120 words in your notebook.
Answer:
The Rock Garden of Chandigarh is a sculpture garden in India. It is also known as Nek Chand Saini’s Rock Garden of Nathupur after its founder Nek Chand Saini. He was a government official, and started building the garden secretly in his spare time in 1957. It has spread over an area of 40 acres, and is completely built from industrial, home waste and discarded items.
The garden consists of man-made interlinked waterfalls and many other sculptures that have been made of scrap and other waste, such as bottles, glasses, bangles, tiles, ceramic pots, sinks, electrical waste, broken pipes, etc. He chose a gorge in a forest near Sukhna Lake for his work. Interestingly, he was able to hide it for 18 years before it was discovered by the authorities in 1976. One can see the concrete sculptures of dancers, musicians and animals if they visit the garden.
Let us Do (Pages 129-130)
A. Firozabad is famous for glass bangles. Find out and write the names of places in India known for the following crafts.
Answer:
1. Madhubani
2. Maharashtra
3. Rajasthan
4. Punjab
B. Find out what your State or Union Territory (UT) is famous for. Speak about it.
Answer:
Do it yourself.
Note to the Teacher
The teacher may help the students to locate these places on the map of India.
C. Follow these steps to create a beautiful rangoli.
Answer:
Do it yourself.
Let us Explore (Page 131)
Do you know what a bank account is?
It is a safe place to keep your money, just like you keep your money safe in a gullak.
Suppose you get ₹ 50 for your birthday every year. You put it into your Savings Account. After a year, the bank adds ₹ 5 more. This is called interest on the Savings Account.
Benefits of a Savings Account:
Meant for saving money.
You can add or withdraw money anytime.
As a reward for saving, you earn interest.