Empires and Kingdoms 6th to 10th Centuries — Question 1

This period saw the rise of many regional kingdoms after the decline of the Guptas. Powerful dynasties like the Palas, Gurjara-Pratiharas, Rashtrakutas, Chalukyas, Pallavas, and Cholas expanded their territories. Local administration grew stronger, land-grant systems encouraged agriculture, and trade networks widened across Asia and Africa. Important developments took place in art, temple architecture, literature, mathematics, and astronomy, making this a time of major political and cultural change.