Question 1

(a) Fill the blank columns under Country A and Country B in table given below by taking two different countries of your choice.(b) Analyse the table and discuss amongst yourselves the similarities and differences in all the examples. (Page 196)

Accepted Answer

Answer:
(a)

Country
Executive
Legislature
Judiciary

Country A (United Kingdom)
Prime Minister and Cabinet (Monarch is ceremonial head)
Two Houses: House of Commons is more powerful than House of Lords
Independent but Parliament is supreme (no strict separation)

Country B (France)
President and Prime Minister share power (semi-presidential system)
Two Houses: National Assembly and Senate have legislative powers
Independent from Executive and Legislature

Answer:
(b) The similarities and differences between all the mentioned countries are as follows:

Country
Executive
Legislature
Judiciary
Type of System

India
Prime Minister and Council of Ministers
Bicameral – Lok Sabha (more powerful), Rajya Sabha
Independent
Parliamentary Democracy

USA
President (elected independently)
Bicameral – Senate and House (equal power)
Independent
Presidential Democracy

South Korea
President (directly elected, holds executive power)
Unicameral – National Assembly
Independent
Presidential Democracy

Australia
Prime Minister and Council of Ministers
Bicameral – Senate and House of Representatives (equal power)
Independent
Parliamentary Democracy

UK
Prime Minister (Monarch is ceremonial head)
Bicameral – House of Commons (more powerful), House of Lords
Independent
Parliamentary Monarchy

France
President (head of state) and Prime Minister (head of govt.)
Bicameral – National Assembly and Senate
Independent
Semi-Presidential Democracy

Question 2

These are some practices in a few different countries. Can you match the practice with the type of government?

Accepted Answer

Practice in the country
Democracy

All citizens are treated equally before law
Theocracy

The government refers to the religious leader for each and every decision it takes.
Monarchy

After the queen’s death, her son became the new king.
Dictatorship

The ruler is not bound to follow any Constitution. He makes all the decisions as per his choice.
Democracy

Question 3

Below is a list of countries. Find out the types of government these countries have:Answer:

Accepted Answer

Country
Type of Government

Bhutan
Democratic constitutional monarchy

Nepal
Federal parliamentary republic

Bangladesh
Parliamentary representative democratic republic

South Africa
Parliamentary republic

Brazil
Federal presidential representative democratic republic

From the Rulers to the Ruled