It has been more than 75 years since India became a republic. During this time, we have had many governments at the national, state and local levels. Many policies and programs have been designed and implemented. We have come a long way by increasing literacy of our people, improving roads, trains, and airports, and strengthening communication systems such as the telephone and the internet. But we still have a long way to go in addressing India’s challenges. Have a class discussion on the follow

Question

Bright Tutorials · Accepted Answer

Five major achievements of our country in improving the lives of ordinary people in villages, towns or cities are:
Better roads and transport: Local and state governments built and maintained roads, improving daily travel.
Clean drinking water: Municipal bodies set up water supply systems and pipelines.
Electricity for all: Central and state governments expanded power networks to every home.
Improved healthcare: Government hospitals and health centres were strengthened by state and central schemes.
Schools and scholarships: State and central governments opened schools and provided support to make education accessible. Each achievement became possible through coordinated work between local, state, and central governments, depending on the service.
(b) List five problems that ordinary people face frequently. At which level of government should these be addressed and how?
Answer:
Five Problems that ordinary people face frequently and the way they can be addressed are:
(a) Drinking Water Problem
Level of Government: Local Government (Municipality)
How: Promote rainwater harvesting, ensure proper pipelines, install Water ATMs in markets, repair leaking pipes, and maintain regular water supply.
(b) Issue of Garbage
Level of Government: Local Government (Municipality)
How: Raise public awareness, employ more sanitation workers, improve waste collection vehicles, and impose strict penalties for littering.
(c) Traffic Jams
Level of Government: Local Government and State Traffic Police
How: Raise awareness about road safety, improve traffic signals, upgrade and expand public transport, introduce measures like odd-even, build flyovers, and deploy traffic police at busy junctions.
(d) Women’s Safety
Level of Government: State Government (Police Department)
How: Increase police patrolling, install CCTV cameras, set up women helplines, and ensure quick emergency response.
(e) High Pollution Levels (Air & Noise Pollution)
Level of Government: State Government and Central Government
How: Enforce pollution control laws, check industries and vehicles, monitor air quality, and plant more trees to improve the environment.
Think About It

The State the Government and You — Question 4