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Question A city has recently cut down a large patch of forest to build new roads and buildings. Discuss the possible effects this could have on the local climate and biodiversity. How might this affect water availability or quality in the area?
Effects on Local Climate: Deforestation reduces trees that absorb carbon dioxide, potentially increasing local temperatures due to less shade and a weakened greenhouse gas balance. It may also disrupt rainfall patterns, as trees contribute to water vapour for cloud formation. Effects on Biodiversity: Loss of forest habitat threatens plants and animals, reducing biodiversity. For example, animals like deer or predators like tigers may lose food sources or habitats, disrupting ecosystems. Deforestation can reduce water availability by disrupting the water cycle, as trees help retain soil moisture and contribute to rainfall. Soil erosion from cleared land can pollute nearby water bodies with sediment, affecting water quality.