Question 1

Question 5What are the advantages of having a healthy population?

Accepted Answer

Following are the advantages of having a healthy population:Economic Development — Reduced absenteeism due to illness and lower healthcare costs of a healthy population contributes to stronger economic development of the nation.Improved Education — With fewer physical and mental health issues, a healthy population can lead to a more educated and skilled workforce.Longer Life Expectancy — A healthy population often enjoys a longer life expectancy, which can lead to more experienced workers and lower dependency ratios in the population.Innovation and Creativity — A healthy population is more likely to engage in innovative and creative activities, leading to advancements in science, technology, and culture.

Question 2

Question 2(ii)Discuss the major components of population growth.

Accepted Answer

The major components of population growth are:Birth rate — It is the number of live births per 1000 persons in a year. When the birth rate is higher than the death rate, it results in population growth.Death rate — It is the number of deaths per 1000 persons in a year. Improved healthcare and medical services have led to a rapid decline in the death rate, leading to growth of the Indian population.Migration — It is the movement of people across regions and territories. It can be internal (within the country) or international (between the countries). Internal migration changes the distribution of population but does not change the size.

Question 3

Question 2(iv)How is migration a determinant factor of population change?

Accepted Answer

Migration is an important determinant of population change. Migration can be internal (within the country) or international (between the countries). Internal migration does not change the size of the population, but influences the distribution of population within the nation. It changes not only the population size but also the population composition of urban and rural populations in terms of age and sex composition. In India, the rural-urban migration has resulted in a steady increase in the percentage of population in cities and towns.

Question 4

Question 1What could be the reason of uneven distribution of population in India?

Accepted Answer

Rugged terrain and unfavourable climatic conditions are primarily responsible for sparse population in Jammu and Kashmir, Uttarakhand, Rajasthan etc. Their population density is less than 250. Assam and most of the Peninsular states have moderate population densities. Hilly, dissected and rocky nature of the terrain, moderate to low rainfall, shallow and less fertile soils have influenced population densities in these areas. The Northern plains and Kerala in the south have high to very high population densities because of the flat plains with fertile soils and abundant rainfall.

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