ICSE Class 10 Biology Question 2 of 11

Genetics — Some Basic Fundamentals — Question 4

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Question

Question 4

Distinguish between the following pairs:

(a) Karyotype and Karyokinesis

(b) Autosomes and Sex chromosomes

(c) Homozygous and Heterozygous chromosomes

Answer

(a) Difference between karyotype and karyokinesis —

KaryotypeKaryokinesis
The complete set of chromosomes in the cells of an organism is its karyotype.The division of the nucleus during mitosis is called karyokinesis.

(b) Difference between autosomes and sex chromosomes

AutosomesSex chromosomes
They determine the somatic traits.They determine the sex of an organism.
They are numbered as 1 to 22.They are recognized by the letters XO, XY, ZO, ZW.
They show Mendelian inheritance.They do not show Mendelian inheritance.
Human show 22 pairs of autosomes.Humans show only 1 pair of sex chromosome.

(c) Difference between homozygous and heterozygous chromosomes

Homozygous chromosomesHeterozygous chromosomes
It has two same copies of the same allele coding for a particular trait.It contains two different copies of alleles coding for a particular trait.