(a) Differences between light reaction and dark reaction (end products) —
| Light Reaction | Dark Reaction |
|---|---|
| ATP and NADPH are the end products of this reaction. | Glucose is the main product formed during dark reaction. |
| The water molecule split into hydrogen and oxygen. | No splitting of water. |
(b) Differences between producers and consumers (organisms) —
| Producers | Consumers |
|---|---|
| They are autotrophs. | They are heterotrophs. |
| They can convert inorganic substances into organic substances. | They cannot convert inorganic substances into organic substances. |
| It includes green plants and photosynthetic micro-organisms. | It includes herbivores and carnivores. |
| For example — green plants | For example — Animals |
(c) Differences between grass and grasshopper (mode of nutrition) —
| Grass | Grasshopper |
|---|---|
| Green grass being a producer is capable of producing its own food by photosynthesis. | Grasshopper is a primary consumer (herbivore) and directly feeds on producers like grass. |
(d) Differences between stoma and stroma (structure) —
| Stoma | Stroma |
|---|---|
| A stoma is a microscopic pore surrounded by two specialized guard cells found in the leaves and stems. Its main function is gaseous exchange. | Stroma is the colourless ground substance found in the chloroplast. It is the site of the light independent reactions of photosynthesis. |