Question 12
Explain with the help of :
(i) an ionic equation
(ii) electron dot structural diagram
the formation of the following :
(a) Sodium chloride
(b) Calcium oxide
(c) Magnesium chloride.
(at. nos. Na = 11, Cl = 17, Ca = 20, O = 8, Mg = 12)
(a) Sodium Chloride :
Ionic equation
Na - 1e- ⟶ Na1+ [oxidation]
[atom] [cation]
[2,8,1] [2,8]
Cl + 1e- ⟶ Cl1- [reduction]
[atom] [anion]
[2,8,7] [2,8,8]
Na + Cl ⟶ Na1+ Cl1- ⟶ NaCl
Electron dot structural diagram
(b) Calcium Oxide
Ionic Equation
Ca - 2e- ⟶ Ca2+ [oxidation]
[atom] [cation]
[2,8,8,2] [2,8,8]
O + 2e- ⟶ O2- [reduction]
[atom] [anion]
[2,6] [2,8]
Ca + O ⟶ Ca2+O2- ⟶ CaO
Electron dot structural diagram
(c) Magnesium chloride.
Ionic Equation
Mg - 2e- ⟶ Mg2+ [oxidation]
[atom] [cation]
[2,8,2] [2,8]
2Cl + 2e- ⟶ 2Cl- [reduction]
[atom] [anion]
[2,8,7] [2,8,8]
Mg + 2Cl ⟶ Mg2+2Cl- ⟶ MgCl2
Electron dot structural diagram
