Give balanced equations for the following:
(a) Laboratory preparation of nitric acid.
(b) Preparation of ethanol from monochloroethane and aq, sodium hydroxide.
(a)
KNO3[conc.]+H2SO4[conc.]→<200°CKHSO4[acid salt]+HNO3\underset{[\text{conc.}]}{\text{KNO}_3} + \underset{[\text{conc.}]}{\text{H}_2\text{SO}_4} \xrightarrow{\lt 200 \degree\text{C}} \underset{[\text{acid salt}]}{\text{KHSO}_4} + \text{HNO}_3[conc.]KNO3+[conc.]H2SO4<200°C[acid salt]KHSO4+HNO3
(b)
C2H5-Cl monochloroethane+NaOH[aq] aq. sodium hydroxide→boilC2H5-OH Ethanol [ethyl alcohol]+NaCl \underset{\text{ monochloroethane}}{\text{C}_2\text{H}_5\text{-Cl}} + \underset{ \text{ aq. sodium hydroxide}}{\text{NaOH[aq]}} \xrightarrow{\text{boil}} \underset{ \text{ Ethanol [ethyl alcohol]} }{\text{C}_2\text{H}_5\text{-OH}} + \text{NaCl}\ monochloroethaneC2H5-Cl+ aq. sodium hydroxideNaOH[aq]boil Ethanol [ethyl alcohol]C2H5-OH+NaCl
