Question 1

Question 1(c)State any three factors which affect the location of an integrated steel plant.

Accepted Answer

Three factors which affect the location of an integrated steel plant are-Availability of raw material — Usually the integrated iron and steel plants are located near the source of raw material.Power supply — Adequate power supply facilities are important for working with various machines.Labour force — Availability of cheap labour force is also important.

Question 2

Question 1(d)Mention three factors which have helped Jamshedpur to develop into India's major centre of steel production.

Accepted Answer

Three factors which have helped Jamshedpur to develop into India's major centre of steel production are-Proximity to raw material — Jamshedpur is located close to -the iron ore deposits in Gurumahisani mines in Mayurbhanj district, Odisha and Noamundi mines in Singhbhum district, Jharkhandmanganese deposits from Joda in Keonjhar districtlimestone, dolomite and fire clay from Sundargarh district, Odishacoal deposits in Jhari and Bokaro coalfieldsCheap Labour — Labour is employed from the densely populated valley of Ganga, mostly from the states of Bihar, West Bengal, Jharkhand, Chattisgarh and Uttar Pradesh.Transport Facilities — Jamshedpur is well connected with roads and railways to the other parts of the country. Transport is facilitated by the Eastern Railways. It is also connected with the Kolkata port for exporting of finished steel.

Question 3

Question 2(a)Name two major steel plants in the Public Sector. Name one steel plant that was set up with Russian collaboration.

Accepted Answer

Two major steel plants in the Public Sector are-Visakhapatnam Steel Plant, Andhra PradeshRourkela Steel Plant, OdishaBhilai Iron and Steel Plant was set up with Russian collaboration.

Question 4

Question 2(b)What are mini steel plants?

Accepted Answer

Mini Steel plants generally use ferrous scrap, pig iron or sponge iron as their raw material. They work through electric furnaces and have a capacity from 10,000 tonnes to about 5 lakh tonnes per year.Their period of construction and gestation is also short. They are distributed in different parts of the country particularly in areas away from the integrated steel plants.

Question 5

Question 2(c)Name the steel plant located in Andhra Pradesh. What two advantages this steel plant have over the other steel plants in the public sector?

Accepted Answer

Visakhapatnam Steel plant is located in Andhra Pradesh.Two advantages this steel plant has over the other steel plants in the public sector are-Visakhapatnam Steel Plant is a modern integrated steel plant with the latest technology and some of the largest units.Visakhapatnam’s modern protected harbour and deep land locked port facilitates import of raw materials and export of finished goods.

Question 6

Question 2(d)Give a geographical reason for each of the following:(i)	Steel products need to be galvanised.(ii) Besides iron, manganese is a very important raw material in the steel manufacture process.(iii) Mini-steel plants are located far from iron-ore deposits.

Accepted Answer

(i) Steel products need to be galvanised to make them rust free. This is done by galvanising iron with chromium, nickel and tungsten.(ii) Besides iron, manganese is a very important raw material in the steel manufacture process as manganese is used for hardening of steel and also for removing impurities.(iii) Mini-steel plants are located far from iron-ore deposits because mini steel plants use scrap iron from integrated steel plants, so they need not be located near the source of raw material.

Question 7

Question 3(b)Why are traditional raw materials being replaced by petrochemical products?orWhy are petrochemical products growing in popularity?

Accepted Answer

Petrochemicals are cost effective, economically stable, cheaper as they are produced on a mass scale. Its raw material is easily available, not dependent on agricultural raw material as in the case of jute. Therefore, raw materials like wood, glass and metals are being replaced by petrochemical products.

Question 8

Question 3(c)(i) Name any two products made from petrochemicals.(ii) Why is a petrochemical industry usually located near an oil refinery?

Accepted Answer

(i) Two products made from petrochemicals are-Plastic sheetsResins and adhesives for industries(ii) A petrochemical industry is usually located near an oil refinery which can supply its basic requirements of Naphtha or Ethylene and Benzene.

Question 9

Question 3(d)The electronic industry has made an impact on both media and education. Give reasons to support your answer.

Accepted Answer

Electronic industry, with mass scale integration process, has produced computers, servers, displays, televisions and cameras, telephones etc. These devices help to capture and broadcast news, advertisements, cinema, educational programs etc., to a large section of the population over the country and overseas, thus changing the life style of the Indian masses.Various new technologies like smart boards, projectors, video clips, pictures etc., are used to make learning easy and fun for the students. Further, in this Corona crisis, online classes provided to the students by the use of various online applications have helped the students to continue their education from home.Thus, the electronic industry has made an impact on both media and education.

Question 10

Question 4(b)Mini steel plants cause less pollution than integrated steel plants. Give reasons.

Accepted Answer

Mini steel plants cause less pollution than integrated steel plants because mini steel plants use electric furnaces while the integrated steel plants use coal to melt iron ore.

Question 11

Question 4(c)State the difficulties experienced by the iron and steel industry in India.

Accepted Answer

The difficulties experienced by the iron and steel industry in India are-Capital intensive — Huge amount of capital is required by the iron and steel industry and the plants have a long gestation period.Obsolete technology — The machinery being used in the iron and steel plants is outdated.Limited availability of Coking coal — The coal reserves of India are limited. Many steel plants import coking coal.Sick industrial units — Due to inadequate supply of power and sharp increase in the cost of raw material, many steel plants are experiencing sickness or have been closed down.Control of Prices — The government has fixed the price for iron and steel which leaves little margin of profit for the manufacturers.Inefficiently managed public sector — Many public sector plants are facing strikes, lockouts, energy crisis caused by heavy investment on social overheads, poor labour relations, inefficient management and underutilisation of capacity.Heavy demand — To meet the increasing demand, large quantity of iron and steel has to be imported.

Question 12

Question 4(d)Give three reasons why the iron and steel industry is concentrated largely in the Chota Nagpur belt.

Accepted Answer

The iron and steel industry is concentrated largely in the Chota Nagpur belt because of the following reasons-Iron and steel industry requires iron ore, coal, limestone and manganese which are available in close proximity.Cheap labour is available to the industries from the states of West Bengal, Bihar, Jharkhand, Odisha and Chhattisgarh.Good network of roads and railway facilitates the movement of raw materials to iron and steel plants.

Question 13

Question 9Assertion (A): The Government of India is promoting and planning to set up more mini steel plants.Reason (R): These plants are non-polluting.Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.Both A and R are true but R does not explain A.A is true but R is false.A is false but R is true.

Accepted Answer

Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.Explanation — The Government of India is promoting and planning to set up more mini steel plants. These plants are dependent on electric power so they do not cause pollution.

Question 14

Question 13Assertion (A): Steel plant at Visakhapatnam has to import coal from Australia.Reason (R): India has huge deposits of high grade iron ore.Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.Both A and R are true but R does not explain A.A is true but R is false.A is false but R is true.

Accepted Answer

Both A and R are true but R does not explain A.Explanation — Though India has huge deposits of high grade iron ore, her coal reserves are limited so Steel plant at Visakhapatnam has to import coal from Australia. However, these are two separate facts so Reason (R) does not explain Assertion (A).

Question 15

Question 17Assertion (A): Traditional raw materials are being replaced by petrochemical products.Reason (R): The raw materials of the petrochemical industry are derived from petroleum.Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.Both A and R are true but R does not explain A.A is true but R is false.A is false but R is true.

Accepted Answer

Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.Explanation — Traditional raw materials are being replaced by petrochemical products because unlike traditional raw materials like cotton, jute, wood, etc. which are dependent on agriculture, raw materials of the petrochemical industry are derived from petroleum making them easily available, cost-effective, economically stable enabling cheaper mass produced products.

Question 16

Question 18The Rourkela Steel Plant is the first integrated steel plant in public sector with an installed capacity of 1 million tonnes. 'Parvati', its first blast furnace was lighted by Dr Rajendra Prasad, India's First President, on 3rd February 1959. It was built in .......... with cooperation from .......... .Bhirmitrapur; BritainBaradwar; FranceKeonjhar; RussiaSundargarh; Germany

Accepted Answer

Sundargarh; Germany

Question 17

Question 19Assertion (A): Bengaluru and Hyderabad are leading centres of software industries.Reason (R): They have multiple SEZs and IT Parks with world class infrastructure.Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.Both A and R are true but R does not explain A.A is true but R is false.A is false but R is true.

Accepted Answer

Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.Explanation — Bengaluru and Hyderabad are leading centres of software industries. This is due to the presence of multiple SEZs and IT Parks that directly contributes to the growth of software industry.

Question 18

Question 20The modernisation and expansion of the Rourkela Steel Plant was carried out making it SAIL's only plant that produces silicon steel for power sector and high quality pipes for the oil and gas sector. It obtains, iron ore fromSundargarhBailadilaMayurbhanjBhilai

Accepted Answer

Sundargarh

Question 19

Question 21The Odisha group of Mines of Rourkela Steel Plant (RSP) has in its ambit four Iron ore mines at Bolani, Barsuan, Kalta and Taldihi. With a combined annual capacity of 20.05 Million Tonnes per annum these mines are not only fulfilling the requirements of SAIL Plants, but are also supplying raw material to external customers. Which of the following industries would use the raw material from RSP?ChemicalShip-buildingRailwaysAll of them.

Accepted Answer

All of them.

Question 20

Question 22Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited (RINL) , a Navaratna PSE, is the corporate entity of the Visakhapatnam Steel Plant, India's first	__________ based steel plant.nuclear powercoalshorepetroleum

Accepted Answer

shore

Mineral Based Industry

Answer The Following Questions

Choose The Correct Option

Thinking Skills