Soil Resources in India — Question 21

Topsoil — The uppermost fertile layer of soil, which is used for cultivation is called Topsoil.

In situ — It means 'at its original place'. It refers to anything which is formed where it is found. For example the black soil is formed in situ.

Bangar — The older alluvium is called as Bangar soil. They are darker in colour. They contain kankar, pebbles and gravels.

Khadar — The newer alluvium is called Khadar soil. They contain fine sand and clay. They are pale brown in colour. They are replenished by the floods.

Humus — The organic matter which is found in the soil is called Humus. It is formed by decaying remains of plants and animals