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ICSE Class 10 Physics Question 2 of 27

Radioactivity — Question 7

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Question

Question 7

State following four properties each of α, β and γ radiations — (a) nature, (b) charge, (c) mass, and (d) effect of electric field.

Answer

α Radiation

  • Nature — Stream of positively charged particles i.e., helium nucleus
  • Charge — Positive charge (two times that of a proton) = +3.2 × 10-19 C (or +2e)
  • Mass — Four times the mass of proton i.e., 6.68 × 10-27 kg
  • Effect of Electric Field — Less deflected

β Radiation

  • Nature — Stream of negatively charged particles, i.e., energetic electrons
  • Charge — Negative charge = -1.6 × 10-19 C (or –e)
  • Mass — Equal to the mass of electron i.e., 9.1 × 10-31 kg
  • Effect of Electric Field — More deflected than α radiations, but in a direction opposite to those of α radiations

γ Radiation

  • Nature — Highly energetic electromagnetic radiation
  • Charge — No charge (Neutral)
  • Mass — No mass (rest mass is zero)
  • Effect of Electric Field — Undeviated