Question 1

Question 5The art of drawing maps is called ............... .a cartographeran atlasa sketchcartography

Accepted Answer

cartography

Question 2

Question 6Which feature helps you to identify the mountain as a block mountain?It has hard rocks.It has flat-topped portions which are separated by two faults.It has a deep valley.It has horizontal beds.

Accepted Answer

It has flat-topped portions which are separated by two faults.

Question 3

Question 7Match List I with List II and select the correct answer using the codes given below:List IList IIA. Alps1. block mountainsB. Amazon Basin2. fold mountainsC. Harz Mountains3. a dissected plateauD. Meseta4. plainsChoose the right option from the following:A-3, B-1, C-4, D-2A-1, B-3, C-4, D-2A-2, B-4, C-1, D-3A-3, B-1, C-2, D-4

Accepted Answer

A-2, B-4, C-1, D-3

Question 4

Question 8This mountain was formed due to faulting.HimalayasVindhyasMt KilimanjaroRockies

Accepted Answer

Vindhyas

Question 5

Question 9This is a young fold mountain in South America.RockiesHimalayasAndesAlps

Accepted Answer

Andes

Question 6

Question 10Two statements are given in the question below as Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Read the statement and choose the appropriate option:Assertion (A): Rivers begin their journey from the mountains.Reason (R): Mountains have glaciers and springs.Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation for (A).Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).(R) is true but (A) is false.(A) is true but (R) is false.

Accepted Answer

Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).Explanation — Rivers begin their journey from the mountains because glaciers (which melt) and springs (which emerge from underground water) provide the water that forms rivers.

Question 7

Question 11Which kind of crops are cultivated in hot and humid lands ?wheat and cornrice and juteoats and barleyapples and oranges

Accepted Answer

rice and jute

Question 8

Question 12Identify the type of farming from the features given below:highly mechanised farming.It is a capital intensive method of farming.Crops are grown for the international market.Choose the right option from the following:primitive subsistence farmingintensive subsistence farmingplantation farmingextensive commercial farming

Accepted Answer

extensive commercial farming

Question 9

Question 13The direction halfway between north and east is called thenorthwest.southwest.northeast.southeast.

Accepted Answer

northeast.

Question 10

Question 14This is a young fold mountain in North America.RockiesHimalayasAndesAlps

Accepted Answer

Rockies

Question 11

Question 15(i)What is a globe? How is a globe useful?

Accepted Answer

A globe is a three-dimensional, accurate model of the Earth, showing the location and shape of continents and oceans. It rotates on a stand and helps in locating places precisely with the help of latitudes and longitudes.

Question 12

Question 15(ii)What is a map? Why is a map important? What are the different elements of a map?

Accepted Answer

A map represents the world as a whole or a part of it, usually on a flat surface. It is thus a visual representation of the Earth on a flat surface.Importance of Maps —They are a source of knowledge and accurate information about places, for students and teachers.They are also used by navigators and travellers to find the direction to their destinations.They are used by town planners for town planning.They show a lot of detail and are very informative. They may show political divisions, physical features, natural vegetation or population distribution with appropriate colours and symbols. They are, therefore, useful for administrators and the military.Elements of a map —There are five elements of a map — title, scale, the North Line, grid and legend.Title: The type of information that a map shows determines its title.Scale: A scale is the proportion or ratio between the distance on a map and the corresponding distance on the ground, or the Earth's surface.North Line: This symbol (↑N) indicates the north direction and helps us to find the direction of any place on the map.Grid: Grids are regular horizontal and vertical lines. They help in finding places on the map. The horizontal lines are northings while vertical lines are eastings.Legend or index: It includes the various symbols and colours used in a map and helps us to interpret the information being provided by the map.

Question 13

Question 15(iii)Write two points to support that maps are better than globes.

Accepted Answer

Maps are better than globes in the following ways:A map is easy to handle as it can be folded or rolled. Hence, it can be carried everywhere, which is not the case when we talk about a globe.Maps are very informative as they show more details of small areas. However, globes cannot show such small details like details of a city or a state or distribution of various resources.

Question 14

Question 15(iv)Explain why a map with a scale of 1 cm to 100 km is a small-scale map.

Accepted Answer

A map with a scale of 1 cm to 100 km is called a small-scale map because a small unit of 1 cm on the map represents a very large distance of 100 km on the ground. Such maps show a large area with limited detail, highlighting only major features like countries, states, or large cities, not finer local details.

Question 15

Question 16(i)Classify the mountains into different types according to their mode of formation.

Accepted Answer

Mountains are often classified according to their mode of formation.Fold Mountains — Formed by the folding or buckling of the earth's crust due to forces of compression. For example, the Andes, Rockies and Himalayas.Block Mountains — Formed due to faulting (because of tensional forces), which results in the earth's crust breaking into blocks. When a crustal block subsides along the fault plane, it leaves behind two uplifted blocks on each side. These uplifted blocks are called Block mountains. For example, Satpuras, Sierra Nevada and Harz Mountains.Volcanic Mountains — Formed when magma along with ash and small rocks particles erupt from a volcano and on reaching the surface, it cools down and solidifies around the vent. The lava piles up gradually, thereby building up a conical volcanic mountain. For example, Mt Etna and Mt Fujiyama.

Question 16

Question 16(ii)How are alluvial plains formed?

Accepted Answer

Alluvial Plains are formed by the deposition of alluvium by rivers.

Question 17

Question 16(iii)How are plateaus beneficial for us?

Accepted Answer

Plateaus are beneficial for us in the following ways:Plateaus, especially the ancient ones, are very rich in mineral deposits. Therefore, many mining fields have developed in the Brazilian Plateau, plateaus of east Africa and the Chota Nagpur Plateau of India.Agriculture can be practised in the lava plateaus as they are made up of fertile black soil.Rivers such as the Congo and Colorado that descend from the edges of plateaus create waterfalls. Water falling from a height is ideal for hydroelectric power generation.Some of the plateaus render natural beauty to the landscape and hence have become attractive tourist spots.

Question 18

Question 16(iv)Explain the major differences in the way of life of the people of the mountains and plains.

Accepted Answer

Differences in the way of life of the people of the mountains and plains —Basis of ComparisonLife in the MountainsLife in the PlainsPopulation DensityMountains are rocky and steep; hence, fewer people choose to live on the difficult terrain.Plains are flat, which makes it easier to build houses and roads on them. Thus, plains are usually densely populated.Shelter and clothingMost of the houses are made of wood and have slanting roofs to help the snow or rain slide off. Since mountains and hills are are colder, people wear woollen clothes for many months in a year.Most of the houses are made of clay and bricks. Light, cotton clothing is preferred for many months of the year. Areas that receive heavy rainfall have houses with slanting roofs, while areas that receive moderate to less rainfall have flat roofs.CultivationCultivation is difficult on rugged slopes. Some crops such as tea and coffee may be grown on gentle slopes. Cereals and vegetables can be grown through terraced cultivation.Plains are fertile and easy to cultivate. Hence, many types of crops are grown here.TransportTransport network is not well developed in the mountains due to the steep and rugged terrain. Roadways are the most common means of transport and help in internal movement of people and goods.It is easy to establish a dense network of roads and railways on flat, level land of the plains. The rivers here are navigable.IndustriesIt is difficult to establish large factories on uneven terrain. Sourcing of raw materials and distribution of finished products are also difficult.Large-scale industrialisation is possible as the land surface is even and transport network is well developed.OccupationAgriculture, handicraft production and tourism are common occupations.Agriculture, industry and trade are important occupations.

Model Test Paper 1