Tissue — A group of similar cells which are specialised to perform specific function is known as tissue. For example muscle tissue, skin tissue.
Organ — A differentiated structure formed by group of similar tissues, which is specialised to perform a specific function is called an organ.
Organ system — An organ system is a group of organs that work together to perform a specific function or set of functions in the body. For example, the digestive system.
Sclerenchyma — Sclerenchyma is a simple supportive permanent tissue composed of long, narrow and thick-walled dead cells. It provides strength to the plant parts.
Cartilage — Cartilage is a supportive connective tissue that covers the ends of bones, and gives support to certain organs like the nose, ear, and trachea. It consists of a clear ground substance (matrix), which contains a large number of spaces, each occupied by one or more cells.
Chapter 4: Tissue — ICSE Class VII Biology Notes
Complete ICSE Class VII Biology notes on Tissue covering meristematic and permanent plant tissues (parenchyma, collenchyma, sclerenchyma, xylem, phloem) and four animal tissue types with examples and diagrams.
Key Concepts and Topics
Topics covered: Meristematic tissue, Permanent tissue, Animal tissues, Xylem, Phloem
Weightage: Approximately 8 marks in the exam
Important Points to Remember
- Tissue: group of similar cells performing specific function
- Meristematic tissue: actively dividing cells at growth points
- Simple permanent: parenchyma (storage), collenchyma (flexibility), sclerenchyma (strength)
- Complex permanent: xylem (water up) and phloem (food both ways)
- Four animal tissues: epithelial, connective, muscular, nervous
- Three muscle types: skeletal, smooth, cardiac
- Blood is a connective tissue with liquid matrix
Frequently Asked Questions
Q: What is a tissue?
A: A tissue is a group of similar cells that perform a specific function together.
Q: What is the difference between xylem and phloem?
A: Xylem transports water upward and is made of dead cells. Phloem transports food in both directions and is made of living cells.
Q: Why is blood called a connective tissue?
A: Because it connects all body parts by transporting nutrients, oxygen, and waste, even though its matrix (plasma) is liquid.
Exam Preparation Tips
- Focus on understanding concepts rather than rote memorization
- Practice drawing and labelling diagrams regularly
- Use comparison tables for topics that require differentiation
- Solve previous year questions and practice papers
- Review the chapter notes provided by Bright Tutorials for comprehensive coverage
For complete chapter notes, practice questions, and test papers, contact Bright Tutorials at 9403781999.