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ICSE Class 7 Chemistry Question 12 of 16

Atomic Structure — Question 4

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Question 4

Write the symbols and valencies of the following radicals:

(a) Magnesium ion

(b) Ammonium

(c) Carbonate

(d) Nitrate

(e) Oxide

(f) Bisulphate

(g) Aluminium ion

Answer
RadicalsSymbolsValency
Magnesium ionMg2+2
AmmoniumNH4+1
CarbonateCO32-2
NitrateNO3-1
OxideO2-2
BisulphateHSO4-1
AluminiumAl3+3

ICSE Class VII Chemistry Chapter 3 15 Marks

Atomic Structure — Quick Study Guide

Atoms are the building blocks of all matter. Understanding atomic structure is essential for all of chemistry.

Key Definitions

  • Atom: Smallest particle of an element with its chemical properties
  • Molecule: Group of two or more atoms bonded together
  • Element: Pure substance with only one type of atom
  • Compound: Two or more different elements chemically combined
  • Atomic number (Z): Number of protons = Number of electrons
  • Mass number (A): Protons + Neutrons
  • Valency: Combining capacity of an element
  • Isotopes: Same element, different mass numbers

Electronic Configuration Rules

K shell = max 2 electrons, L shell = max 8, M shell = max 8 (for first 20 elements). Fill inner shells first.

Exam Tips

  • Memorise symbols of first 20 elements
  • Practice calculating protons, neutrons, electrons from Z and A
  • Practice drawing Bohr diagrams
  • Valency: if outermost ≤ 4, valency = outermost; if > 4, valency = 8 - outermost

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