Elements, Compounds and Mixtures — Question 11

Please find below the chemical formulas of mentioned acids:

(a) Hydrochloric acid:

Step 1 — Write each symbol with its valency

$\text{H}^{1+} \phantom{\nearrow} \text{Cl}^{1-}$

Step 2 — Interchange the valencies

$\overset{\phantom{2}{1}}{\text{H}} \space {\searrow}\mathllap{\swarrow} \space \overset{1}{\text{Cl}} \Rightarrow \underset{\phantom{1}{1}}{\text{H}} \space {\searrow}\mathllap{\swarrow} \space \underset{1}{\text{Cl}} \\[0.5em]$

Step 3 — Write the interchanged number & hence the formula

Therefore, we get

Formula of hydrochloric acid: $\bold{HCl}$

(b) Nitric acid:

Step 1 — Write each symbol with its valency

$\text{H}^{1+} \phantom{\nearrow} \text{NO}_3^{1-}$

Step 2 — Interchange the valencies

$\overset{\phantom{2}{1}}{\text{H}} \space {\searrow}\mathllap{\swarrow} \space \overset{1}{\text{NO}_3} \Rightarrow \underset{\phantom{1}{1}}{\text{H}} \space {\searrow}\mathllap{\swarrow} \space \underset{1}{\text{NO}_3} \\[0.5em]$

Step 3 — Write the interchanged number & hence the formula

Therefore, we get

Formula of nitric acid: $\bold{HNO}_3$

(c) Sulphuric acid:

Step 1 — Write each symbol with its valency

$\text{H}^{1+} \phantom{\nearrow} \text{SO}_4^{2-}$

Step 2 — Interchange the valencies

$\overset{\phantom{2}{1}}{\text{H}} \space {\searrow}\mathllap{\swarrow} \space \overset{2}{\text{SO}_4} \Rightarrow \underset{\phantom{1}{2}}{\text{H}} \space {\searrow}\mathllap{\swarrow} \space \underset{1}{\text{SO}_4} \\[0.5em]$

Step 3 — Write the interchanged number & hence the formula

Therefore, we get

Formula of Sulphuric acid : $\bold{H}_2\bold{SO}_4$

(d) Carbonic acid:

Step 1 — Write each symbol with its valency

$\text{H}^{1+} \phantom{\nearrow} \text{CO}_3^{2-}$

Step 2 — Interchange the valencies

$\overset{\phantom{2}{1}}{\text{H}} \space {\searrow}\mathllap{\swarrow} \space \overset{2}{\text{CO}_3} \Rightarrow \underset{\phantom{1}{2}}{\text{H}} \space {\searrow}\mathllap{\swarrow} \space \underset{1}{\text{CO}_3} \\[0.5em]$

Step 3 — Write the interchanged number & hence the formula

Therefore, we get

Formula of Carbonic acid : $\bold{H}_2\bold{CO}_3$