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Metals and Non-metals — Question 3

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Question 3

Mention two uses of the following metals and non-metals:

(a) Iron

(b) Aluminium

(c) Gold

(d) Oxygen

(e) Iodine

Answer

(a) Iron is used for:

  1. Construction of power transmission towers.
  2. Making pipes, tanks, cylinders, nails, agricultural tools, railings, wire meshes etc.

(b) Aluminium is used for:

  1. Making utensils, cans for drinks, furniture, window frames etc.
  2. Packaging foodstuffs and wrappers of medicines in the form of aluminium foil.

(c) Gold is used for:

  1. Making jewellery and gold coins.
  2. In dentistry to fill in teeth cavities(in form of alloy with silver).

(d) Oxygen is used for:

  1. Breathing and respiration, in hospitals oxygen cylinders are used for serious patients to help them in breathing.
  2. It is essential for combustion.

(e) Iodine is used for:

  1. Making photographic films in the form of potassium iodide.
  2. Making tincture of iodine and iodex which are used as an antiseptic and pain reliever respectively.

ICSE Class VII Chemistry Chapter 5 14 Marks

Metals and Non-Metals — Quick Study Guide

Elements are broadly classified as metals, non-metals, or metalloids based on their physical and chemical properties.

Key Properties

  • Metals: Lustrous, malleable, ductile, sonorous, good conductors, high density
  • Non-metals: Dull, brittle, poor conductors, non-sonorous, low density
  • Metalloids: Properties of both (e.g., Silicon, Germanium)

Chemical Reactions

  • Metal + O2 → Basic oxide (turns red litmus blue)
  • Non-metal + O2 → Acidic oxide (turns blue litmus red)
  • Metal + Acid → Salt + H2

Exam Tips

  • Know all exceptions: Mercury (liquid), Graphite (conducts), Diamond (lustrous), Na/K (soft)
  • Learn the comparison table (8 properties) thoroughly
  • Practice writing equations for metal reactions
  • Know uses of at least 5 metals and 5 non-metals

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