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ICSE Class 7 Chemistry Question 7 of 16

Metals and Non-metals — Question 6

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Question 6

Differentiate between metals and non-metals with reference to –

(a) number of electrons in outer or valence shell

(b) formation of cation and anion

(c) reaction with dilute acids

Answer
S.
No.		Chemical PropertyMetalsNon-metals
(a)No.of electrons in outer shellMetals have 1, 2 or 3 electrons in the outer or valence shell.Non-metals have 4, 5, 6 or 7 electrons in the outer or valence shell.
(b)Formation of cation and anionMetals lose or donate valence electrons and form cations.Non-metals accept valence electrons and form anions.
(c)Reaction with acidsMetals react with dilute acids to give hydrogen gas.Non-metals do not react with dilute acids to give hydrogen gas.

ICSE Class VII Chemistry Chapter 5 14 Marks

Metals and Non-Metals — Quick Study Guide

Elements are broadly classified as metals, non-metals, or metalloids based on their physical and chemical properties.

Key Properties

  • Metals: Lustrous, malleable, ductile, sonorous, good conductors, high density
  • Non-metals: Dull, brittle, poor conductors, non-sonorous, low density
  • Metalloids: Properties of both (e.g., Silicon, Germanium)

Chemical Reactions

  • Metal + O2 → Basic oxide (turns red litmus blue)
  • Non-metal + O2 → Acidic oxide (turns blue litmus red)
  • Metal + Acid → Salt + H2

Exam Tips

  • Know all exceptions: Mercury (liquid), Graphite (conducts), Diamond (lustrous), Na/K (soft)
  • Learn the comparison table (8 properties) thoroughly
  • Practice writing equations for metal reactions
  • Know uses of at least 5 metals and 5 non-metals

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