Question 1

Question 2Which type of feed ensures good milk production in cattle?

Accepted Answer

The cattle feed of milk-yielding animals has two components — roughage and concentrates.Roughage — The roughage includes hay and straw of cereals, green fodder, silage and so on. It has more fibre content then nutritive value.Concentrates — Concentrates include grams and seeds of bajra, maize, cotton seeds, oil cakes, rice and wheat bran. It has less fibre content, but high nutritive value.

Question 2

Question 3Name two diseases of cattle and poultry. How can animals be protected against diseases?

Accepted Answer

Two disease of cattle are:RinderpestAnthraxTwo disease of poultry are:RanikhetFowlpoxAnimals can be protected against diseases by following ways:By timely vaccination of animals and immunization.By providing them proper food and nutrition.By maintaining their shelter clean and airy.Diseased animals should be kept in isolation, away from other healthy animals.

Question 3

Question 4What constitutes poultry feed?

Accepted Answer

The poultry feed consists of mashed cereals such as bajra, wheat, jowar, ragi and groundnut cake. Egg layers and Broilers are given different foods as per their need. Broilers require feed rich in proteins with adequate fat. The levels of vitamin A and K are kept high in poultry. Nutritive diet helps to maintain their immunity also.

Question 4

Question 5How are bacteria useful to human beings?

Accepted Answer

The bacteria are useful to human beings in following way:Saprophytic bacteria decompose excretory products and the dead remains of plants and animals into simpler substances. Therefore, they clear the earth of all waste. That is why they are called decomposers or nature’s scavengers.Bacteria along with certain fungi play an important role in maintaining soil fertility.Some bacteria live in the roots of leguminous plants such as peas and beans. They absorb atmospheric nitrogen and convert it into nitrates, which are used by plants.The digestive tract of herbivorous animals contains bacteria which helps to digest cellulose.The manufacturing of vinegar, curd and cheese involves fermentation by bacteria. It is also used in production of tea, coffee, lactic acid, citric acid and alcohol etc.Tanning of leather and retting of fibres are done by the action of bacteria.Certain medicines such as antibiotics and vitamin B complex tablets are manufactured with the help of bacteria.

Question 5

Question 6List five ways in which fungi help us.

Accepted Answer

Five ways in which fungi help us are:They decompose the dead, decaying bodies of plants and animals. Fungi also helps in making the soil fertile.Morels and some mushrooms are consumed as delicacies.Yeast is used in baking industry.Alcohol and alcoholic drinks are produced by the fermentation of grapes, barley etc. by yeast.Yeast is also used for manufacturing vitamins. Penicillin, an antibiotic, is obtained from Penicillium, a fungi.

Question 6

Question 1Why do you think organic farming is gaining popularity these days?

Accepted Answer

Organic farming is gaining popularity these days because people are becoming aware of its benefits which are as follows:It provides us toxin-free food that is free from pesticides.Organic farming is environment friendly. It does not cause any kind of pollution. It does not cause any harm to beneficial insects and thus helps to maintain ecological balance.It helps in recycling of waste produced in a farm.It also maintains the fertility and structure of soil.Cropping systems and management practices help in control of insects and pests.

Question 7

Question 7The place where bees are cultured and bred to get commercial products is calledcoopapiaryshedstable

Accepted Answer

apiaryReason — Apiary is the place where bees are reared commercially.

Question 8

Question 8The care, breeding and management of honeybees is called.horticultureapiculturesericulturepisciculture

Accepted Answer

apicultureReason — The care, breeding and management of honeybees for commercial purposes is called apiculture.

Food Production and its Management

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