Question 1

Question 1Describe the different ways by which the housefly contaminates our food.

Accepted Answer

The manner in which the housefly spreads diseases are:Hairy body and legs pick up the filth — Houseflies have spiny or hairy legs and body that tend to pick up dirt containing germs from germ-infested places such as faecal matter, rotten material, infected wound. When the housefly rests on our food, it rub its legs continuously dropping the particles of filth on the food, causing it to get contaminated.Pouring out saliva — Food is also contaminated with germs when the housefly moistens the foodstuffs by pouring out its saliva on it, or when it vomits (regurgitates) food which it has swallowed from dirty places.Excreta — It deposits its excreta while it feeds and thus contaminates human food.

Question 2

Question 2What are the four major aspects of personal hygiene?

Accepted Answer

The four major aspects of personal hygiene are:Cleanliness — Regular washing of hands is very important for our health as it helps to avoid so many communicable diseases. Cleanliness also include daily bathing, wearing washed clothes and washing hair and eyes. Brushing teeth, twice daily helps to maintain oral hygiene.Rest and sleep — All organs of our body including the brain need rest. In general, the body obtains adequate rest by means of sleep. For adults 6-7 hours of continuous undisturbed sleep is sufficient.Physical exercise — Physical exercise are important for all age groups. It should be systematic and regular. It improves blood circulation and maintains general health.Healthy habits — Few healthy habits are:going to bed early but not immediately after dinner.bowel clearing daily morningtobacco, alcohol, stimulants and sedatives should be avoided.rooms should be well ventilated for fresh air and sunlight.

Question 3

Question 1(ix)Plasmodium is a :VirusProtozoanBacteriumFungus

Accepted Answer

ProtozoanReason — The malaria germ Plasmodium is a Protozoan.

Question 4

Question 1(x)The fishes which selectively devour mosquito larvae are :CarpsSharksDogfishGambusia

Accepted Answer

GambusiaReason — Gambusia is one of the biological control of mosquitoes.

Question 5

Question 1(xi)Identify the water-borne diseases based on their symptoms given below:Water borne diseaseSymptomsPYellowish eyes, dark yellow urine (due to bile pigments).QSevere diarrhoea and vomiting followed by dehydrationP — Trachoma, Q — HepatitisP — Trachoma, Q — CholeraP — Conjunctivitis, Q — DysentryP — Hepatitis, Q — Cholera

Accepted Answer

P — Hepatitis, Q — CholeraReason — Hepatitis is caused by accumulation of bile pigments in the body. It's symptoms are yellowish eyes and skin and dark yellow urine. Cholera is spread through contaminated water. It's symptoms are severe diarrhoea, vomiting and rapid dehydration.

Question 6

Question 4Name the two types of dysentery and their causative germs and give one main precaution against them.

Accepted Answer

The table below depicts the two types of dysentery, their causatives and precautions:Type of DysenteryCausativePrecautionBacillaryBacterium – ShigellaConsume safe(boiled) drinking water.AmoebicProtozoan – Entamoeba histolyticaAlways check for food and water contamination before consumption.

Question 7

Question 5Mention three symptoms of the disease Hepatitis.

Accepted Answer

The three symptoms of Hepatitis disease are:Body acheEyes turn yellowish, due to the bile pigments – urine turns to deep yellowEnlarged liver

Question 8

Question 6Suggest any two methods of controlling flies.

Accepted Answer

The two methods of controlling flies are:Elimination of breeding places of flies.Spraying houses and breeding places of flies with insecticides.

Question 9

Question 7List any three effective methods for controlling mosquitoes.

Accepted Answer

The effective methods for controlling mosquitoes are:Elimination of breeding places for mosquitoes.Spraying on stagnant water with Kerosene or some other greasy oil to kill larvae and pupae. Spraying DDT and other insecticides to kill adult mosquitoes.Biological control by introducing certain fishes like Gambusia which selectively devour on mosquito larvae.

Question 10

Question 8Mention any three ways by which potable water can be contaminated.

Accepted Answer

Contamination of potable (drinking) water can occur in several ways such as:Sewage, if improperly disposed, leaks into sub soil and may contaminate underground water supplies.Urination and defecation near water bodies such as ponds, lakes and riversContamination of water bodies by the drainage of animal washings and wastes from poultries and dairies.

Question 11

Question 3Complete the blanks in the table given below:DISEASEPATHOGENVECTORMalariaPlasmodium1 mosquito23Culex mosquito4Virus5 mosquito

Accepted Answer

DISEASEPATHOGENVECTORMalariaPlasmodiumAnopheles mosquitoElephantitisWuchereriaCulex mosquitoDengue & yellow feverVirusAedes mosquito

Hygiene - [A Key to Healthy Life]

Long Answer Type

Multiple Choice Type

Short Answer Type

Very Short Answer Type