ICSE Class 9 Biology
Question 1 of 11
Skeleton - Movement and Locomotion — Question 1
Back to all questions(a) Difference between true ribs and floating ribs:
| True ribs | Floating ribs |
|---|---|
| The first seven pairs of ribs are called true ribs. | The last two pairs of ribs (11th & 12th) are called floating ribs. |
| They are attached in front of the sternum by means of coastal cartilages. | They are not attached to the sternum at all. |
(b) Difference between ligaments and tendons:
| Ligaments | Tendons |
|---|---|
| Ligaments connects two or more bones together. | Tendons connect muscle to a bone. |
| Ligaments are elastic. | Tendons are inelastic. |
| Ligaments are arranged freely. | Tendons are arranged in bundles. |
| Ligaments stabilize joints. | Tendons pass tensile forces to the bones from muscles. |
| Prevent chances of dislocation | Responsible to cause the muscles to stay intact with parts of the skeleton. |
(c) Difference between hinge joint and gliding joint:
| Hinge joint | Gliding joint |
|---|---|
| Hinge joint allows restricted movement in one plane only. | Gliding joint allows bones to glide over each other to a limited extent. |
| Example: Elbow, Knee | Example: Wrist bone, ankle bone |
(d) Difference between voluntary and involuntary muscles :
| Voluntary muscles | Involuntary muscles |
|---|---|
| Voluntary muscles are under our control. | Involuntary muscles are not under our control. |
| Voluntary muscles help in the movement of the bones of limbs. | Involuntary muscles are present in internal organs and help in movement of food, movement of urine from urinary bladder and so on. |
| The cells are long, cylindrical and unbranched. | The cells are spindle shaped. |
| They are multinucleate. | They are uninucleate. |
| They are striated. | The are unstriated. |
(e) Difference between Bone and cartilage :
| Bone | Cartilage |
|---|---|
| Bones consists of the ground substance or matrix that is filled with cells called osteocytes and various inorganic compounds. | Cartilage consists of ground substance called matrix that contains cells called chondrocytes. |
| Bones comprise the hard framework of the body. | Cartilages are supporting and connecting structures. |
| Bones provide support, protection, and anchorage for muscles. | Cartilage acts as a cushion between bones, reducing friction and absorbing shock in joints. |
| Bones have a higher capacity for healing and regeneration. | Cartilage has a limited capacity for self-healing. |