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ICSE Class 9 Chemistry Question 15 of 16

Chemical Bonding — Question 2

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Question

Question 2

Give reasons for the following :

To attain stable electronic configuration of the nearest noble gas —

  1. Hydrogen atom 11H — needs one electron.
  2. Oxygen atom 168O — needs two electrons.
  3. Nitrogen atom 147N — needs three electrons.
  4. Carbon atom 126C — needs four electrons.
  5. Chlorine atom 3517Cl — needs one electron.
Answer
  1. As the atomic number of H is 1 and electronic configuration is 1, it needs one electron to attain nearest noble gas He configuration i.e. 2 electrons in first valence shell (Duplet-rule).
  2. As the atomic number of O is 8 and electronic configuration is 2,6 it needs two electrons to attain nearest noble gas Ne configuration i.e. 8 electrons in valence shell (Octet-rule).
  3. As the atomic number of N is 7 and electronic configuration is 2,5 it needs three electrons to attain nearest noble gas Ne configuration i.e. 8 electrons in valence shell (Octet-rule).
  4. As the atomic number of C is 6 and electronic configuration is 2,4 it needs four electrons to attain nearest noble gas Ne configuration i.e. 8 electrons in valence shell (Octet-rule).
  5. As the atomic number of Cl is 17 and electronic configuration is 2,8,7 it needs one electron to attain nearest noble gas Ar configuration i.e. 8 electrons in valence shell (Octet-rule).