(i) Given,
solute = 20 g
solvent = 200 g
concentration = ?
Concentration of solution = Mass of solute + Mass of solventMass of solute x 100
Concentration of solution = 200 + 2020 x 100
= 9.09%
Hence, concentration = 9.09%
(ii) Given,
concentration = 25%
solvent = 150 cm3
solute = ?
Concentration of solution = Volume of solute + Volume of solventVolume of solute x 100
10025 = Volume of solute (x)+ 150 Volume of solute (x)
41 = Volume of solute (x)+ 150 Volume of solute (x)
4x = x + 150
3x = 150
x = 50 cm3
Hence, alcohol added = 50 cm3
(iii) Solubility of a substance at 45°C is 36.5g means that 36.5g of substance dissolves in 100 g of water at the temperature of 45°C.