Question 1

Question 13The Earth has been divided into how many Time Zones?48201224

Accepted Answer

24

Question 2

Question 14What is Standard Time?Uniform time based on a central meridian.Time at 0° longitudeTime at 82°30'ETime at 7½° longitudes at 12 noon.

Accepted Answer

Uniform time based on a central meridian

Question 3

Question 15Which of the following is true about the International Date Line?It goes zig-zag at two points.The date changes as one moves across it.It is opposite the Prime Meridian.All of the above.

Accepted Answer

All of the above

Question 4

Question 16Assertion (A): For each 1° longitude towards the East, 4 minutes are to be added and each 1° longitude towards the West, 4 minutes are to be subtracted.Reason (R): The earth rotates on its axis from East to West.Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.Both A and R are true but R does not explain A.	111.A is true but R is false.A is false but R is true.

Accepted Answer

A is true but R is false.Explanation — The Earth makes a complete circle on its axis — it covers 360° longitudes in 24 hours. That is to say, it covers every 15° longitudes in one hour or 1° longitude every 4 minutes. The earth rotates on its axis from West to East.

Question 5

Question 17I travelled from Tokyo, Japan to Alaska, USA. I was very sad to lose a day. How did this happen?Crossed the IDLCrossed the Pacific OceanCrossed over to another countryCrossed the Prime Meridian.

Accepted Answer

Crossed the IDLExplanation — When you cross the International Date Line (IDL) from west to east, you lose a day because the calendar moves back by one day. The IDL is an imaginary line where the date changes by one day when crossed.

Question 6

Question 18It was midnight at the Fiji Islands. What would be the time in London?8:00 am12:00 noon8:00 pmNone of the above.

Accepted Answer

12:00 noonExplanation — Fiji is about 12 hours ahead of Greenwich Mean Time (GMT). So, when it is midnight (12:00 am) in Fiji, it would be 12 hours earlier — that is 12:00 noon of the previous day in London (GMT).

Question 7

Question 19A great circle is a circle drawn on the surface of a sphere with radius ............... .equal to the radius of the sphere.equal to half the radius of the sphere.larger than the radius of the sphere.less than the radius of the sphere.

Accepted Answer

equal to the radius of the sphere

Question 8

Question 20Which of the following are great circles?Lines of LongitudesLines of LatitudesEquatorBoth (1) and (3)

Accepted Answer

Both (1) and (3)

Question 9

Question 21Assertion (A): There is a time difference of a full day on crossing the IDL.Reason (R): It is diametrically opposite the Greenwich Meridian.Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.Both A and R are true but R does not explain A.A is true but R is false.A is false but R is true.

Accepted Answer

Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.Explanation — The line of longitude 180° or IDL is one and the same for East or West of the Prime Meridian. Since it is diametrically opposite to the Greenwich Meridian it causes a time difference of a full day on crossing the line. The time difference works out to 12 hours (180° x 4 min) from either side. Thus, on crossing the line, a day is gained or lost.

Question 10

Question 22Assertion (A): Great circles are used to find the shortest distance between any two points on the earth's surface.Reason (R): Great circle routes take into account weather or political restrictions.Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.Both A and R are true but R does not explain A.A is true but R is false.A is false but R is true.

Accepted Answer

A is true but R is false.Explanation — A Great Circle Route is the shortest distance between two places on the earth and lies on the arc of a great circle. Using this hypothesis, navigators find the shortest distance between any two points on the earth's surface.

Question 11

Question 5List any two uses of the lines of latitude. Express 1° angular distance in kilometres.

Accepted Answer

Two uses of the lines of latitude are:To find the location of a Place — Latitudes give us the location of a place north or south of the Equator. Such a location is known as an absolute location.To measure the distance of a Place — Distances are calculated with reference to the Equator at right angle to the place. We can therefore, measure the distance of any place from the Equator based on its degree of latitude.The angular distance of 1° latitude is equal to 111 km.

Question 12

Question 6With the help of a diagram, show the important lines of latitude.

Accepted Answer

Please refer to the full solution above.

Question 13

Question 1(b)What is the significance of these lines of latitude?

Accepted Answer

These lines of latitude form one of the coordinates of the grid system. The lines of latitude have the following significance-They are used to find the location of a placeThey are used to measure the distance of a placeThey divide the earth into distinct heat zones

Question 14

Question 2(d)Draw a well labelled diagram to show that places on the same longitude have the same time.

Accepted Answer

Please refer to the full solution above.

Question 15

Question 3(a)State the meaning of the International Date Line.

Accepted Answer

The line of longitude 180° is one and the same for east or west of the Prime Meridian. Since it is diametrically opposite to the Greenwich Meridian, it causes a time difference of a full day on crossing the line.The International Date Line is the 180° line. When crossing this date line from the west to east a day is deducted or the time is fixed backward by one day. When crossing the International Date Line, from east to west, a day is added.

Question 16

Question 3(b)State with an example how time lost or gained is computed with reference to the International Date Line.

Accepted Answer

The International Date Line is the 180° line. When crossing this date line from the west to east a day is deducted or the time is fixed backward by one day. When crossing the International Date Line, from east to west, a day is added.For example, if it is 8 pm Monday 25th December at Greenwich, it will be 8 am Tuesday, 26th December on crossing the 180° line from the east as time will be 12 hours ahead. But if one were to travel from west, it will be 12 hours behind or 8 am Monday, 25th December.

Question 17

Question 3(c)Give a geographical reason for each of the following:(i) The International Date Line deviates and goes zig-zag near some islands in the Pacific Ocean.(ii) The Greenwich time is called the Greenwich Mean Time.(iii) Great Circles are the shortest routes between two places.

Accepted Answer

(i) The International Date Line deviates and goes zig-zag near some islands in the Pacific Ocean to avoid the confusion of having different dates within the same country.(ii) The Greenwich time is called the Greenwich Mean Time as while fixing the time zones, the time at Greenwich has been selected as the mean time and provides the basis for calculating the Standard Time of other places.(iii) Great Circles are the shortest routes between two places as we can connect any two places on the earth's surface by the curvature line of the great circle. And this curvature is the smallest possible route between those two places, because this curvature directly connects those places or points.

Question 18

Question 3(d)State with one practical example how is time of a place found with the help of longitudes.

Accepted Answer

As the earth takes 24 hours to make a complete rotation along its axis crossing 360° lines of longitude, so earth takes nearly 4 minutes to move 1° longitude.For example, Indian Standard Time is based on 82 1/2° E longitude. So if the time in India is 12 noon, so it will be 6.30 A.M. in England or GMT.The time difference between 0° and 82 1/2° E will be-82.5 × 4 = 330 minutes or 330 ÷ 60 = 5 1/2 hoursSo there is difference of 5 1/2 hours between India and England, as England lies in the west, so the time will be 5 1/2 hours less than India.

Question 19

Question 3Find out the name of the country which has the maximum number of time zones in the world. What is reason behind a country having many time zones and others like India have just one time zone.

Accepted Answer

Russia has the maximum number of time zones in the world, with a total of 11 time zones. The reason behind a country having multiple time zones is due to its geographical size and location. As the earth rotates, each 15° change in longitude corresponds to a one-hour difference in time. Therefore, a country that spans several longitudes, like Russia or the United States, may have multiple time zones to account for the variations in local time.In the case of India, the country is geographically smaller and spans fewer longitudes compared to a country like Russia. Therefore, India has one time zone to maintain uniformity across the country.

Question 20

Question 4When you were waiting to welcome New Year in India on December 31, some countries of the world like Australia, New Zealand and Japan have already welcomed New Year. What is the reason for this?

Accepted Answer

Some countries like Australia, New Zealand, and Japan welcome the New Year before India because of the differences in time zones. These countries are located ahead of India in terms of longitude, and therefore, they are several hours ahead in time.Australia and New Zealand are located in the eastern hemisphere and are ahead of India in terms of time zones. Japan is located in the same time zone as Australia and also welcomes the New Year before India.

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