Question 1

Question 13The water from the Atlantic ocean flows over the Mediterranean sea becauseThe latter is more saline.The latter is warmer.of the direction of westerlies.of the earth's rotation.

Accepted Answer

The latter is more saline.

Question 2

Question 14Name the winds that blow between the Equator and the Tropics.WesterliesTrade WindsMonsoon WindsSummer Winds

Accepted Answer

Trade Winds

Question 3

Question 15What is the direction of air circulation over the oceans in the middle latitudes?CyclonicHemisphericalSphericalAnticyclonic

Accepted Answer

Anticyclonic

Question 4

Question 16Assertion (A): Gulf stream flows in a clockwise direction.Reason (R): In the Northern Hemisphere currents flow in a clockwise direction.Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.Both A and R are true but R does not explain A.A is true but R is false.A is false but R is true.

Accepted Answer

Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.Explanation — Since the speed of rotation of the earth is maximum at the Equator, all moving bodies (winds and ocean currents) move in a clockwise direction in the Northern Hemisphere and anticlockwise direction in the Southern Hemisphere. This is why Gulf stream flows in a clockwise direction.

Question 5

Question 17Name the warm Atlantic Ocean Current which keeps the ports of Great Britain ice free even in winters.The West Atlantic DriftThe East Atlantic DriftThe North Atlantic DriftThe South Atlantic Drift

Accepted Answer

The North Atlantic Drift

Question 6

Question 18Assertion (A): The Labrador Current remains frozen for nine months.Reason (R): The cold Arctic Current is responsible for frozen seas of the Labrador Current.Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.Both A and R are true but R does not explain A.A is true but R is false.A is false but R is true.

Accepted Answer

Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.Explanation — The Labrador Current remains frozen for nine months on account of the influence of the cold Arctic Current.

Question 7

Question 19Identify the Warm Currents flowing in the Atlantic ocean.Gulf Stream — North Atlantic DriftLabrador Current — Irminger CurrentCanaries Current — Cayenne CurrentAlaska Current — California Current

Accepted Answer

Gulf Stream — North Atlantic Drift

Question 8

Question 20The Gulf Stream Current is deflected towards the east as a result of the earth's rotation and the westerlies to become theLabrador CurrentNorth Atlantic DriftSargasso SeaArctic Current

Accepted Answer

North Atlantic Drift

Question 9

Question 21Assertion (A): The water which gets collected under the surface of the land, known as underground water, remains in soil, sub-soil or bedrock.Reason (R): The water from precipitation, that is from rain or snow flows on the surface.Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.Both A and R are true but R does not explain A.A is true but R is false.A is false but R is true.

Accepted Answer

Both A and R are true but R does not explain A.Explanation — The water from precipitation, that is from rain or snow flows on the surface. Some of the water evaporates and the rest sinks into the soil. The water which gets collected under the surface of the land, known as underground water, remains in soil, sub-soil or bedrock.

Question 10

Question 22Assertion (A): On the seventh or eighth day of every fortnight a neap tide, which is lower in height than a low tide, occurs.Reason (R): The tide producing forces of the sun and the moon work in opposite direction causing a low tide.Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.Both A and R are true but R does not explain A.A is true but R is false.A is false but R is true.

Accepted Answer

A is false but R is true.Explanation — On the seventh or eighth day of every fortnight a neap tide, which is lower in height than a normal tide, occurs. The height of neap tides is generally 20 per cent lower than that of the normal tides.

Question 11

Question 23Which current is also known as the 'Black Stream'?Atlantic currentKuroshio currentOyashio currentNewfoundland current

Accepted Answer

Kuroshio current

Question 12

Question 24Name the current that keeps the hub of world trade, the Port of Montreal, open all year round.Gulf StreamLabrador currentCanaries currentFlorida current

Accepted Answer

Gulf Stream

Question 13

Question 25Which currents have created one of the world's richest fishing grounds?Labrador current and Gulf streamLabrador current and Irminger currentOyashio current and Kuroshio currentBoth (1) and (3).

Accepted Answer

Both (1) and (3)

Question 14

Question 26Assertion (A): Warm currents flow from the low latitudes in Tropical Zones towards the high latitudes.Reason (R): They bring warm water into cold water areas.Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.Both A and R are true but R does not explain A.A is true but R is false.A is false but R is true.

Accepted Answer

Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.Explanation — Warm currents are those currents which flow from the low latitudes in Tropical Zones towards the high latitudes in the Temperate and Sub-polar Zones. They bring warm water into cold water areas, influencing climate and marine life.

Question 15

Question 27Assertion (A): The air circulation over the oceans in the middle latitudes is mainly anticyclonic.Reason (R): The oceanic circulation pattern corresponds with the circulation of air.Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.Both A and R are true but R does not explain A.A is true but R is false.A is false but R is true.

Accepted Answer

Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.Explanation — Ocean currents are greatly influenced by the stresses exerted by the prevailing winds and Coriolis force. The oceanic circulation pattern roughly corresponds to the Earth's atmospheric circulation pattern. The air circulation over the oceans in the middle latitudes is mainly anticyclonic. Hence, the oceanic circulation pattern also corresponds with the circulation of air.

Question 16

Question 28Currents influence which of the following?temperaturerainfallfish populationall of the above.

Accepted Answer

all of the above

Question 17

Question 6Name two types of ocean currents based on their temperature. Give an example of each.

Accepted Answer

Two types of ocean currents based on their temperature are-The Warm Currents, e.g. Gulf StreamThe Cold Currents, e.g. Labrador current

Question 18

Question 9Tara had gone to Canada to visit her cousins staying in Newfoundland. Her cousins took her to the seaside where they encountered heavy fog. As a student of geography Tara explained the cause of the fog. What did Tara say? What is the main occupation of the people in that place?

Accepted Answer

Tara said that the heavy fog in the seaside of Newfoundland is caused by the meeting of two ocean currents — the cold Labrador current and the warm Gulf Stream. Tara explained to them that when the warm, moist air of the Gulf Stream meets the cold air from the Labrador Current, the moisture in the warm air condenses rapidly, forming thick fog.Due to the rich fishing grounds created by the mixing of these currents, the main occupation of the people in Newfoundland is fishing.

Question 19

Question 1(c)Give a reason for each of the following:(i) There are two high and two low tides in a day.(ii) Each day a tide is delayed by 26 minutes.(iii) The tidal range differs from one water body to the other.

Accepted Answer

(i) Because the Earth rotates through two tidal bulges every lunar day, coastal areas experience two high and two low tides every 24 hours and 52 minutes. This occurs because the moon is revolving around the Earth in the same direction as the Earth is rotating on its axis.(ii) Each day a tide is delayed by 26 minutes because the moon also rotates on its axis while revolving around the earth. Since the earth rotates from west to east the tide centre shifts westwards. When the tide centre completes one round, the moon's position is ahead of the tide centre by that time. This delays the tide by 26 minutes each day.(iii) The tidal range differs from one water body to the other as tidal range is not constant but changes depending on the locations of the moon and the sun.

Question 20

Question 1(d)Draw a well labelled diagram showing the formation of spring and neap tides.

Accepted Answer

Below diagram shows the formation of spring and neap tides:

Hydrosphere

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