Question 1

Question 4Explain why there is no higher latitude other than 90 degrees North and South.

Accepted Answer

There is no higher latitude other than 90 degrees North and South because lines of latitude start at 0° (equator) and end at 90° (poles). All planes make a maximum angle of 90° from the plane of the equator.

Question 2

Question 5Explain why Lines of Longitudes are called Meridian of Longitude.

Accepted Answer

The Lines of Longitudes are called Meridian of Longitude because the word 'meridian' means "midday" and all the places on the same meridian have their noon at the same time.

Question 3

Question 6State two properties of the Lines of Latitude.

Accepted Answer

Two properties of the Lines of Latitude are:Each latitude is an imaginary circle parallel to the equator and centered on the polar axis.The radius and the length of parallels gradually decrease from its maxima at the equator to its minima at the poles.

Question 4

Question 7State two properties of Lines of Longitude.

Accepted Answer

Two properties of Lines of Longitude are:All meridians are complete circles dividing the earth into Eastern and Western Hemisphere.The longitudes are drawn 1° apart on the Equator, with 1° to 179° towards east and 1° to 179° towards west.

Question 5

Question 10Why are the places in the Torrid Zone hotter than those in other zones?

Accepted Answer

The Torrid zone or the tropical zones lie between the Tropic of cancer and Tropic of Capricorn which mark the limit of the overhead Sun to North and South of the Equator, i.e., 23 1/2°N to 23 1/2°S. This area receives direct sun rays and therefore, the places in the Torrid Zone are hotter than those in other zones.

Question 6

Question 11Why are the places in the Frigid Zone colder than in other zones?

Accepted Answer

The Frigid Zone experiences colder temperatures compared to other zones due to the inclination of the earth's axis, which results in the area receiving oblique rays of sunlight during the winter.

Question 7

Question 12How is the Local Time of a place fixed?

Accepted Answer

The Local Time of a place is fixed according to the central meridian of its country. When the sun is overhead on the central meridian it is 12 o'clock noon at that place. For example, the central meridian of India is 82 1/2° E and passes through Allahabad and it is the standard time line for the whole country.

Question 8

Question 13Is it correct to say that Local Time is the Sun Time?

Accepted Answer

Yes, it is correct to say that Local Time is the Sun Time because local time is determined based on Sun's apparent movement.

Question 9

Question 14If the GMT at 0° longitude is 12 noon, find the local time of place A (30°E).

Accepted Answer

The difference in longitude between 0° and place A is 30° towards east.Since, for every 1° difference in longitude the difference of time is 4 minutes.Therefore, the local time of place A will be 30 x 4 = 120 minutes = 2hrs.As, A is located to the east, it will be 2 hours ahead of Greenwich time: 12 + 2 = 14hr or 2 pm.Therefore time at place A will be 2 pm.

Question 10

Question 15Why is the Standard Time considered necessary?

Accepted Answer

The Standard Time is considered necessary because if every city had to keep the time of their own meridian, there would have been much difference in the local time of one city and the other. This would have led to a lot of confusion.

Question 11

Question 16What are Time Zones? How many Time Zones do we have?

Accepted Answer

A zone on terrestrial globe that is approximately 15° longitude wide with 1 hour difference in time from other zone, is called time zone. The world is divided into 24 time zones and India has one time zone.

Question 12

Question 17London experiences a lower temperature than Singapore throughout the year. Why?

Accepted Answer

Singapore is situated in torrid zone, near the equator while London is located in temperate zone. Torrid zone receives direct sun rays and is hotter than the temperate zone which receives slant rays of the sun. Therefore, London experiences a lower temperature than Singapore throughout the year.

Question 13

Question 18What is International Date Line? Describe the use of this line.

Accepted Answer

A zigzag line at roughly 180° meridian is the line which is internationally adopted as International Date Line or IDL. On either side of this line, a difference of whole day is observed. This is because the earth completes one rotation on its axis in 24 hours as it rotates from west to east.International Date Line is for the convenience of those travelling round the world in order to avoid any confusion.

Question 14

Question 19Why do some countries have many Time Zones?

Accepted Answer

Some countries have large longitudinal extent and therefore they have many tine zones.

Question 15

Question 20What are Small Circles?

Accepted Answer

The 0° latitude that circumscribes the earth around it's centre is called Equator or the great circle and all other circles that do not circumscribes the earth around it's centre are called small circles.

Question 16

Question 21Except for the Equator, other Parallels of Latitudes are not Great Circles. Why?

Accepted Answer

The equator is the only latitude that circumscribes the earth around it's centre and therefore it is the largest latitude. All other latitudes, either in north or in south, are smaller than equator because they do not circumscribe the earth around its centre.

Question 17

Question 22How is the use of local time inconvenient in practical life?

Accepted Answer

The use of local time is inconvenient in practical life because local time is different in different countries. For those travelling abroad, it is very confusing to have different time zones.

Question 18

Question 23What is a Grid?

Accepted Answer

A grid is a network of evenly spaced horizontal and vertical lines used to identify locations on a map. Earth's grid refers to the network of latitudes and longitudes on the earth's surface.

Question 19

Question 24Who was the first mathematician to have measured the circumference of the Earth?

Accepted Answer

The first mathematician to have measured the circumference of the Earth was Eratosthenes.

Question 20

Question 25Name the important Climatic Zones of the World.

Accepted Answer

The important Climatic Zones of the World are:The Torrid or tropical zonesTemperate zonesFrigid zones

Latitudes and Longitudes

Answer The Following Questions Briefly

Distinguish Between The Following Pairs

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Give Reasons For The Following