Solved 2024 Specimen Paper ICSE Class 10 Biology

Guttation

Reason — Guttation is the loss of water as droplets along the margins of leaves through hydathodes.

DNA

Reason — During the synthesis phase (S phase) of the cell cycle, the primary focus is on the synthesis of DNA. This phase is when the cell replicates its DNA in preparation for cell division.

Ear drum

Reason — Rupture of ear drum leads to loss of hearing because ruptured ear drum cannot vibrate and transmit sound wave.

Refrigeration equipment

Reason — Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) are synthetic compounds widely used in refrigeration, air conditioning, aerosols, and foam production. They significantly contribute to ozone depletion in the Earth's stratosphere.

Coronary artery

Reason — Coronary artery supplies oxygenated blood to heart for the functioning of cardiac muscles.

A is False and R is True

Reason — Urination is not so frequent in summers because more water is lost due to sweating

Boys 21 years, Girls 18 years

Reason — The age restrictions for marriage for boys and girls by law in India is 21 years and 18 years, respectively.

Endosmosis

Reason — The salt water fish have more salt in their body cells. When these fish are kept in fresh water the water flows into their cells due to endosmosis. Consequently their cells swell and they die.

Ethyl alcohol

Reason — Ethyl alcohol is the solvent used for dissolving chlorophyll while testing a leaf for starch.

Epididymis

Reason — Epididymis is responsible for storage and maturation of sperms in a human male.

100

Reason — The number of Cytosine-Guanine pairs in this sequence will be 100.

Abscisic acid

Reason — The stress hormone in plants which functions during a drought is abscisic acid. It helps in closure of stomata during drought condition.

Only P and R

Reason — Compressed natural gas (CNG) is proposed to be a better alternative to fossil fuel because its combustion is complete and do not release unburnt carbon particles or carbon monoxide.

Stroma

Reason — The ground substance present in chloroplast is stroma into which the thylakoids are embedded.

Only 1, 2 and 3

Reason — Cerebrum controls intelligence and consciousness, cerebellum coordinates muscular activity and skeletal muscles help in the movement of muscles.

(a) Haemoglobin

(b) Phloem

(c) Recessive gene

(d) Urethra

(e) Meninges

(a) Grass → Grasshopper → Frog → Snake

(b) Pinna → Malleus → Stapes → Cochlea

(c) Platelets → Thrombin → Fibrinogen → Fibrin

(d) Epidermis → Cortex → Endodermis → Xylem

(e) Morula → Blastocyst → Embryo → Foetus

The technical term for short sightedness is (a) myopia . This defect is caused because the eyeball is (b) lengthened from front to back or the lens is too (c) curved . It can be corrected by using a suitable (d) concave lens. The power of the lens is mentioned in (e) minus.

(a) Odd one: Electric bulbs
Newspapers, Vegetable peels, Animal excreta : Biodegradable waste

(b) Odd one: Renal artery
Renal pelvis, Renal Cortex, Renal medulla : Parts of Kidney

(c) Odd one: Keratin
Urea, Urochrome, Uric acid : Nitrogenous waste products that are excreted from the body

(d) Odd one: Auditory canal
Oval window, Cochlea, Round window : Parts of inner ear

(e) Odd one: NADP
ADH, TSH, ACTH : Hormones

The colour of hair of that person will be black because the dominant gene (black) will express itself.

Law of Dominance — Out of a pair of contrasting characters present together, only one is able to express itself while the other remains suppressed. The one that expresses is the dominant character and the one that is unexpressed is the recessive one.

The chromosomes that contain same genes in same order along their chromosomal arm are said to be homologous. They pair with each other during cell division.

Labelled diagram of a duplicated chromosome is given below:

Corpus callosum is located between two cerebral hemispheres.

The two hormones secreted by Corpus luteum are progesterone and estrogen.

The significance of placenta in the growth of foetus are:

1. Placenta provides the foetus with oxygen and nutrients.
2. Placenta also removes carbon dioxide and waste products of the foetus.

Sperm is the human gamete that can have sex chromosome Y. Its labelled diagram is shown below:

Photosynthesis is the process by which living plant cells, containing chlorophyll, produce food substances (glucose and starch), from carbon dioxide and water, by using light energy and release oxygen as a by-product.

Balanced chemical equation representing the process of photosynthesis is given below:

$6\text{CO}_2 + 12\text{H}_2\text{O} \xrightarrow[\text{chlorophyll}]{\text{light energy}} \text{C}_6\text{H}_{12}\text{O}_6 + 6\text{H}_2\text{O} + 6\text{O}_2 \uparrow$

After conducting the starch test, the green leaf portion turns blue, indicating starch presence, confirming photosynthesis due to chlorophyll. Non-green parts lack chlorophyll, don't photosynthesize, and show no starch-related colour change.

A → Glucose
B → Starch

(a) Oxygen

(b) Hydrilla

(c) If a pinch of Sodium bicarbonate is added to the water the amount of carbon dioxide in water will increase. This will increase the rate of photosynthesis and hence the rate of evolution of oxygen will also increase.

The exact location of gene is on the chromosomes.

Two significant features of the stage Anaphase during Mitosis are:

1. Centromere attaching the two chromatids divides or splits.
2. A furrow starts in the cell membrane at the middle in animal cell.

Mitosis leads to formation of two daughter cells. Meiosis forms four daughter cells.

(a) Phototropism is the phenomenon depicted by the shoot in the given diagram.

(b) Auxin is the plant hormone that plays an important role in phototrophic movement.

(c) Gravity.

Homo sapiens sapiens

Vestigial organs are those organs that have ceased to be of any use to the possessor but still persist generation after generation in a reduced form. Example - Vermiform Appendix.

Two features of the Cro-Magnon man are:

1. Large skull, broad face, rounded forehead and a prominent chin.
2. Cranial capacity 1450-1600 cm³.

(a) Biomedical waste

(b) Bandages

(c) Biomedical waste, if not disposed properly can cause harm to humans and animals by spreading microorganisms and diseases. They also have different chemicals which can be toxic to humans, animals and soil microorganisms.

Osmosis is the movement of water molecules from their region of higher concentration (dilute solution or with a lower solute concentration) to their region of lower concentration (concentrated solution or with a higher solute concentration) through a semi permeable membrane.

Rod cells and cone cells are responsible for light adaptations.

Cerebrum — Intelligence and memory.
Cerebellum — Coordinates muscular activity.

Two objectives of Swachh Bharat Abhiyan are:

1. To eliminate open defecation through the construction of individual, cluster and community toilets.
2. To clean the streets, roads and infrastructure of the countries cities and towns.

(a) The parts labelled 1 and 2 are:

• 1 → Red Blood Cell (RBC)
• 2 → White Blood Cell (WBC)

One structural difference between red blood cells and white blood cells is:

(b) Part 3 is blood platelet. Its main function is to initiate blood clotting.

(c) Part 4 is blood plasma.