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Solutions for Geography, Class 10, ICSE
How many types of maps are there?
Maps are classified as follows:
What is the significance of colours in Topographical Maps?
The use of colours allows topographical maps to convey a lot of information in a compact and easy-to-understand format. These colours are called Conventional Colours as they are accepted all over the world. For example, yellow shows cultivable land, green shows forest area while black shows all dry streams and surveyed trees.
List the objectives of survey of India map.
The objectives of Survey of India map are:
Draw the symbols of the following conventional signs in appropriate colours —
1. Broken Ground
2. Temple
3. Church
4. Contours showing one side steep, the other side gentle slope
5. Surveyed tree
Define the following terms
Causeway — A raised road or platform across a stream is known as Causeway. A stream having a causeway is motorable during dry season. Hence too many causeways indicate scanty or seasonal rainfall.
Contours — The lines drawn in brown colour, joining places having same elevation above sea level are called contours.
Depression — A hollow created on the top of mound or dune in sandy area, formed by blowing away of sand by the wind is called depression.
Stony waste — The land covered with rock boulders and stones, where cultivation is not possible is called Stony waste. It is shown on a survey sheet as a white patch.
Fire line — A clearing made in the forest to prevent spread of fire is called fire line.
Surveyed tree — It serves as a prominent survey point, shown in black.
Brackish— Brackish written beside a perennial lined well indicates that the water of the well is salty, and not fit for irrigation or drinking.
Meander— A bend in the river flowing through a flat land or plain during its middle stage is called meander.
Broken ground— Uncultivable land, generally found along the banks of a stream of river in arid regions where the top soil is easily eroded due to flooding during rainy season is called broken ground.
Embankment— A bank or mound constructed along a tank or artificial lake to prevent flooding is called embankment.
Diggi— A tank that is used for the collection of water is called diggi.
Pylons— Tall metal structures that holds electric cables high above the ground are called pylons.
What is the significance of conventional signs and symbols in topographical survey maps? Explain with the help of examples.
The conventional signs and symbols help in giving maximum information about a place or area. They allow topographical maps to convey a lot of information in a compact and easy-to-understand format. They are universally accepted. The use of conventional signs and symbols help us to quickly get an idea of the layout and characteristics of an area just by looking at a topographical map.
For example, permanent settlements are shown by red squares, hospitals are shown by plus sign of red colour, aerodrome , helipad, post office, police station, etc. are shown by their own unique symbols.
Define the following conventional signs and symbols and explain in brief.