Manufacturing Industries in India - I : Agro-based
Solutions for Geography, Class 10, ICSE
Answer the following questions
10 questionsQuestion 1
Name a few agro-based industries.
Answer:
A few agro-based industries are:
- Cotton Textile
- Silk
- Sugar
- Jute
- Vegetable oil
- Food Processing
Question 2
What are the four special features of the cotton textile industry in India?
Answer:
Four special features of the cotton textile industry in India are:
- It is the first manufacturing industry in India.
- It is the largest organized industry in India.
- It occupies an important place in terms of employment generation.
- The industry has developed all over India but the largest number of mills are situated in Maharashtra, Gujarat and Tamil Nadu.
Question 3
Give two reasons why the cotton textile industry has been developed around Mumbai.
Answer:
Two reasons why the cotton textile industry has been developed around Mumbai are:
- The black cotton soil in the hinterland of Mumbai which provides cotton as basic raw material.
- Humid climate of shore-based Mumbai which is ideal for this industry as the thread does not break so easily.
Question 4
Name the oldest and the most widespread industry in India.
Answer:
Cotton textile industry is the oldest and the most widespread industry in India.
Question 5
What are the problems of the cotton textile industry?
Answer:
The problems of the cotton textile industry are:
- Scarcity of Raw Material — Supply of raw material is not adequate.
- Obsolete Machinery — Most of the mills have obsolete machinery. This has resulted in low productivity and inferior quality.
- Inadequate Power Supply — With increasing population, the problem of power supply is becoming acute and the industry suffers from shortage of power.
- Low Productivity of Labour — Labour productivity is extremely low in India as compared to other advanced countries.
- Stiff Competition — Indian cotton textile has to face stiff competition from power-loom and synthetic fibre product.
- Sick Mills — 177 mills have been declared as sick mills as they are going in loss.
Question 6
State any three problems faced by sugar industry.
Answer:
Three problems faced by sugar industry are:
- Low and irregular supply of raw material — The yield per hectare is very low as compared to other sugarcane producing areas of the world. This results in shortage of sugarcane to sugar mills.
- Fluctuations in the output of sugarcane — Since the industry is agro-based, it is seasonal. Due to erratic nature of monsoons sugarcane production fluctuates.
- Small and uneconomic size of sugar mills — Many sugar mills are uneconomic as they are of very small size with a capacity of 1000 to 15000 tonnes per day.
Question 7
What is meant by the term sericulture? State the factors responsible for the concentration of silk industry in Karnataka.
Answer:
The art of rearing silkworms for silk production is called sericulture.
The factors responsible for the concentration of silk industry in Karnataka are:
- Availability of favourable climate for rearing silkworm.
- Availability of the mulberry plant which is raised as a plantation bush.
- Availability of the silkworm known as Bombyxmori which is reared throughout the year.
- In Mysuru, raising silkworms, reeling and weaving of raw silk is one of the main occupations of people. Reeling is a process in which the worm is boiled in water and the silk fibre is pulled out.
- Availability of abundant soft water free from alkaline salt and iron.
- Recent introduction of a new technology of handling Bombyxmori.
- Sericulture provides employment for women folk in rearing silkworm while men work in the plantation.
Question 8
Which industry has a tendency to migrate towards the south? Why?
Answer:
Sugar industry has a tendency to migrate towards the south. The reasons for the gradual shifting of sugar industry towards the south are:
- The peninsular India has tropical climate which is ideal for growing sugarcane. The black soil, higher temperature, good amount of rainfall or irrigation and frost-free growing season results in higher yield per unit.
- The sucrose content is higher in the tropical variety of sugarcane in the south.
- The crushing season is longer in the south than in the north.
- The cooperative sugar mills are better managed in south than in the north.
- In south, most of the mills are new and hence, are equipped with modern machinery.
Question 9
Name the by-products of the sugar industry. Give the industrial use of each.
Answer:
The by-products of the sugar industry are:
- Molasses — It is used in manufacture of fertilizer, DDT, power alcohol, synthetic rubber, plastic, rum, chemicals and cattle feed.
- Bagasse — It serves as raw material for paper industry. It is also used for making cardboard.
- Press mud — It is used for making wax, shoe polish and carbon paper.
Question 10
State any three differences between the sugar industry of Northern and Peninsular India.
Answer:
S. No. | Sugar industry of Northern India | Sugar industry of Peninsular India |
---|---|---|
1. | The crushing season is only 4 months from November to February | The crushing season is 7-8 months from October to May and June. |
2. | The cooperative sugar mills are not well managed. | The cooperative sugar mills are well managed. |
3. | They have old machinery. | They have modern machinery. |
Multiple Choice Questions
10 questionsQuestion 1
Molasses is a product of
- silk industry
- sugar industry
- cotton textile industry
- woollen industry
Answer:
sugar industry
Question 2
Bombyx Mori is associated with
- cotton textile industry
- jute industry
- silk industry
- sugar industry
Answer:
silk industry
Question 3
Bagasse is a raw material for
- toy industry
- paper industry
- silk industry
- jute industry
Answer:
paper industry
Question 4
Sericulture is practiced in
- Tamil Nadu
- Andhra Pradesh
- Karnataka
- Uttar Pradesh
Answer:
Karnataka
Question 5
This state is called Cottonopolis of India
- Gujarat
- Karnataka
- Tamil Nadu
- Maharashtra
Answer:
Maharashtra
Question 6
This state is called Manchester of South India
- Tamil Nadu
- Punjab
- Kerala
- Andhra Pradesh
Answer:
Tamil Nadu
Question 7
Press mud is used for
- making wax
- nail polish
- paper
- fertilizer
Answer:
making wax
Question 8
Industries that depend on the agricultural products for their raw material
- sugar industry
- heavy industry
- cottage industry
- none of the above
Answer:
sugar industry
Question 9
Kandla (free trade zone) is situated in
- Maharashtra
- Kerala
- Gujarat
- Tamil Nadu
Answer:
Gujarat
Question 10
Non-mulberry silk such as muga, tassar and eri are produced
- Nagaland
- Gujarat
- Telangana
- Assam
Answer:
Assam