Energy and Power Resources

Three ways to save energy are:

1. Energy can be conserved by reducing wastage and losses, improving efficiency through technological upgrades and improved operation and maintenance.
2. Use of LED bulbs, turning off light when not in use, unplugging computers and turning off televisions can help us reduce our daily consumption of energy at home.
3. Carpooling and use of public transport helps to save fuel/energy.

Advantages of Solar Energy:

1. Solar energy is a sustainable resource of energy.
2. Solar power does not cause any pollution.
3. Solar panels require little maintenance and can be easily installed.

Uses of biogas:

1. It is commonly used in rural areas as cooking gas.
2. It can be used for the production of electricity.
3. It can be used for water heating and space (room) heating etc.

Coal and petroleum are exhaustible or non-renewable source of energy. They are limited in supply. If they are not used judiciously, they will not last for more than a few decades. Therefore, it is very important to conserve these fuels.

Industries cause pollution. Growing trees around industries helps to reduce pollution and purify the air. Trees also help in reducing the sound pollution caused by industries.

Significance of Bhakra Nangal project:

1. It provides electricity for industrial, agricultural and domestic use.
2. This project has helped in controlling floods in the river Sutlej downstream.
3. It also helps in soil conservation, afforestation and development of fish culture.
4. It benefits many industries like textile, cotton, sugar etc.

Advantages of multipurpose projects are:

1. Generation of hydroelectric power and thereby encourage the development of industries in the country.
2. Provision of irrigation where the rainfall is scanty.
3. Control of floods in the rivers.
4. Development of river navigation.
5. Afforestation for soil conservation.

Disadvantages of multipurpose projects:

1. Cost of building dams is very high.
2. Building large dams can cause serious geological damage like triggering earthquake in the area.
3. Dams alter the natural water table and have adverse impact on aquatic life.
4. Setting up of multipurpose projects displaces many people from the area causing them hardships.

(a) Fossil fuel are found in sedimentary rocks.

(b) Coal is a non-renewable power resource.

(c) Wind energy is used for pumping and running flour mills

(d) Solar energy is renewable source of energy.

(e) Coal is a non-renewable source of energy.

(a) Differences between renewable and non-renewable sources of power:

(b) Differences between solar and wind energy:

Sedimentary rocks

Chota Nagpur Plateau

Non-conventional energy

Arabian Sea

All of these

Anthracite

Bituminous

Sedimentary Rocks

Hydroelectricity

1963

Mahanadi

Waste management

Solar

Quite expensive

Exhaustible