Sample Question Paper

(i) R.F. stands for representative fraction .

(ii) Ultraviolet radiation coming from the sun penetrates the atmosphere and is absorbed by the Earth.

(iii) Weather Station is a place where weather conditions are recorded with the help of instruments.

(iv) Cuba is a major producer of Sugar .

(v) Antarctica Treaty was signed in 1959 .

Kolkata

Japan

Russia

Sedimentary rocks

Desert

(i) Fjord

(ii) Basin

(iii) Fold mountains

(iv) Finland

(v) Rift valley

Below diagrams shows a wet and dry thermometer:

Following are the major effects of climate change:

1. Changes in rainfall patterns.
2. Increased frequency of extreme weather like flash flood, storm and heat wave.
3. Rise in sea level due to melting of polar ice.
4. Increased frequency of tropical cyclones.

The major greenhouse gases and their sources are:

Topographical maps are based on accurate survey of the land. They show natural features of the ground like hills elevation, drainage, trees and vegetation as well as man-made features like towns, villages, buildings, roads, canals, railways, power transmission lines and other cultural features in detail. Therefore, they are of great importance to military and travelers.

The well whose water is unfit for drinking and cultivation as it is salty is said to be brackish.

Denudation is a dynamic process that includes the disintegration and decomposition of rocks, transportation of the eroded material and deposition of it at some other place. Therefore, process of denudation is two-fold process that is both destructive and constructive.

The changes in temperature during summer and winter and in case of arid region, during day and night, cause expansion and contraction in the rock surfaces. This causes the rocks to break-up or peel off. Rectangular rock blocks are thus, gradually rounded by splitting away of sharp corners. This process is called exfoliation.

The iron and steel industry require raw materials like:

1. Iron ore
2. Limestone
3. Dolomite

The key elements of information technology are hardware and software that are important to use computer to store, retrieve, transmit, manipulate data or information. It is done in context of business or other enterprises.

Europe is the western most peninsula of the giant supercontinent Eurasia and the second smallest continent in the world. It lies entirely in the temperate zone of the Northern hemisphere and extends from the island nation of Iceland in the West to the Ural Mountains of Russia in the east. It extends from 36°N to 72°N latitude and approximately 25°W to 60°E longitude.

Africa was known as the dark continent because it remained unexplored for a fairly long period of time. The reasons for the late discovery of the continent were:

1. The Sahara desert in the north is the greatest obstacle for southward movement of people, as it is a vast desert.
2. The large interior of Africa is densely forested forming a canopy so that even sun rays cannot penetrate.

The country Egypt is called the Gift of the Nile as it is Egypt’s lifeline. Without the Nile, Egypt would have been a desert. The Nile gave Egypt fertile, fine silt soil and alluvial deposition. This soil is good for growing crops.

Some of the factors that may cause damage to coral reefs are:

1. Climate Change.
2. Ocean acidification and pollution.
3. Human activities like swimming, diving and mining.

Significance of Bhakra Nangal project:

1. It provides electricity for industrial, agricultural and domestic use. Electricity is used for tube wells, which are the main source of irrigation where canals are not available.
2. This project has helped in controlling floods in the river Sutlej downstream.
3. It also helps in soil conservation, afforestation and development of fish culture.
4. It benefits many industries like textile, cotton ,sugar etc.

(a) Difference between chemical and mechanical weathering:

(b) Difference between linear scale and verbal scale:

(c) Difference between Agro-based and Mineral based industry:

(a) Europe looks like a peninsula extending westwards of the Asiatic landmass. Large arms of the seas have penetrated deep into the land and have created smaller peninsulas. That is why Europe is called the "peninsula of peninsulas".

(b) Antarctica’s freezing climate and barren glacier coasts with not a drop of fresh water to drink, isolated from the world, makes it impossible for normal life. Therefore, Antarctica is uninhabitable for human beings.

(c) Industries cause pollution. Growing trees around industries helps to reduce pollution and purify the air. Trees also help to reduce sound pollution caused by industries in addition to adding aesthetic value of that area.