Weather and Climate

Solutions for Geography, Class 7, ICSE

Exercise

8 questions

Question 2

Fill in the blanks:

(a) ............... is a place where weather conditions are recorded with the help of instruments.

(b) ............... is used to measure rainfall.

(d) Horizontal movement of air near the surface of the earth is called ............... .

Exercise

Answer:

(a) Weather Station is a place where weather conditions are recorded with the help of instruments.

(b) Rain gauge is used to measure rainfall.

(d) Horizontal movement of air near the surface of the earth is called wind

Question 3

Distinguish between the following:

(i) Climate and Weather

(ii) Absolute and Relative humidity

(iii) Diurnal range of temperature and annual range of temperature

Exercise

Answer:

(i) Difference between Climate and Weather:

Climate	Weather
Climate is the average weather condition of a region over a long period of almost 30 years.	Weather is the day-to-day condition of atmosphere of a place.
Climate involves systematic observation recording and processing of the various elements of climate, i.e. air pressure, humidity, winds, clouds and sunshine.	The weather condition may include wind, temperature, snow, rain, storm or sunshine which changes frequently.

(ii) Difference between Absolute and Relative humidity:

Absolute humidity	Relative humidity
Absolute humidity is the actual amount of water vapour present in the air.	It is the ratio between the actual amount of water vapour and the total amount of water vapour that the air can hold at a given temperature.
It is expressed in grams per cubic metre.	It is expressed as percentage.

(iii) Difference between Diurnal range of temperature and annual range of temperature:

Diurnal range of temperature	Annual range of temperature
The difference between the maximum and minimum daily temperature is known as diurnal temperature range.	The difference between the hottest and coldest months, with monthly mean temperatures, is called the annual temperature range.

Answer:

The important elements of weather are as follows:

Temperature
Atmospheric pressure
Prevailing winds
Humidity
Precipitation
Sunshine
Clouds

Question 4(b)

Name the instruments used for the following:

(i) Atmospheric pressure

(ii) Wind speed

(iii) Rainfall

(iv) Humidity

(v) Temperature

Exercise

Answer:

Name of the instruments used for the following are:

(i) Atmospheric pressure — Barometer.

(ii) Wind speed — Anemometer.

(iii) Rainfall — Rain gauge.

(iv) Humidity — Hygrometer.

(v) Temperature — Thermometer.

Question 4(c)

State the use of wet and dry bulb thermometer.

Exercise

Answer:

The relative humidity of the atmosphere at a particular place can be measured with the help of a wet and dry bulb thermometer or hygrometer.

Question 4(d)

What is the purpose of the meteorological station?

Exercise

Answer:

The meteorological stations record the weather related data on daily basis using different instrument. These data help the meteorologists to carry research work and also forecast weather of that particular area.

Question 4(e)

What is the purpose of anemometer?

Exercise

Answer:

An anemometer is a device used for measuring wind speed. It consists of cup like structures mounted on a pole so that the cups catch the wind and spin the wheel at a rate proportional to the wind speed. It measures wind speed based on rotational movement of wheel.

Question 4(f)

What are weather maps used for?

Exercise

Answer:

Weather maps show weather facts about a specific place at a given time. They are used to predict weather. Weather forecasting helps farmers, fishermen, soldiers, navigators and pilots in many ways. Disaster management is not possible without weather maps and charts.