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Reproduction in Humans

Solutions for Biology, Class 8, ICSE

Arrange The Following Terms

1 question

Question 3

Arrange the following terms in a logical sequence.

(a) Gestation, Birth, Fertilization, Implantation

(b) Urethra, Epididymis, Sperm duct, Testis

Arrange The Following Terms

Answer:

(a) Fertilization → Implantation → Gestation → Birth

(b) Testis → Epididymis → Sperm duct → Urethra

Assertion Reason Type Questions

5 questions

Question 2(a)

Assertion (A): Reproduction is a kind of life process which is not necessary for the survival of humans in their own life time.

Reason (R): The process of reproduction helps in the continuation of species on earth, generation after generation.

Both A and R are true.
Both A and R are false.
A is true and R is false.
A is false and R is true.

Assertion Reason Type Questions

Answer:

Both A and R are true.

Explanation — Humans can live without reproducing in their own lifetime. However, it helps in the continuation of species on earth, generation after generation.

Question 2(b)

Assertion (A): Budding is a type of asexual reproduction which occurs only in some plants.

Reason (R): Both Yeast and Hydra, reproduce by the process of budding.

Both A and R are true.
Both A and R are false.
A is true and R is false.
A is false and R is true.

Assertion Reason Type Questions

Answer:

A is false and R is true.

Explanation — Budding occurs in both plants and animals. Both yeast (a fungus) and Hydra (an animal) reproduce by budding.

Question 2(c)

Assertion (A): Only one egg is produced by each ovary in human females every month.

Reason (R): Usually, both ovaries do not release egg in the same month.

Both A and R are true.
Both A and R are false.
A is true and R is false.
A is false and R is true.

Assertion Reason Type Questions

Answer:

Both A and R are true.

Explanation — Only one egg is produced by an ovary alternatively every month.

Question 2(d)

Assertion (A): Sperms are produced in testes and transported to urethra through the fallopian tubes in males.

Reason (R): On their way to urethra, sperms mix with three kinds of fluids released by the male accessory glands to form semen, the reproductive fluid.

Both A and R are true.
Both A and R are false.
A is true and R is false.
A is false and R is true.

Assertion Reason Type Questions

Answer:

A is false and R is true.

Explanation — Sperms are produced in testes and transported to urethra through the sperm ducts in males.

Question 2(e)

Assertion (A): Growth is the characteristic feature of all living beings which occurs for a limited time in animals and throughout lifetime in plants.

Reason (R): Growth means any type of reversible or irreversible change in the size, shape and weight of an individual during the process of development.

Both A and R are true.
Both A and R are false.
A is true and R is false.
A is false and R is true.

Assertion Reason Type Questions

Answer:

A is true and R is false.

Explanation — Growth means any type of irreversible increase in the size and weight of an individual during the process of development.

Choose The Odd One Out

1 question

Question 4

Choose the odd one out and mention the category to which the remaining terms belong.

(a) Testis, Uterus, Vas deferens, Epididymis

(b) Ovary, Uterus, Seminal vesicle, Oviduct

(d) Amoeba, Hydra, Paramecium, Bacteria

Choose The Odd One Out

Answer:

(a) Odd term: Uterus
Category: Male reproductive parts

(b) Odd term: Seminal vesicle
Category: Female reproductive parts

(d) Odd term: Bacteria
Category: Eukaryotic organisms

List The Structures In Their Correct Sequence

1 question

Question 5

List the structures, in their correct sequence, through which the sperms must pass from the time they are produced in the testes to the time they leave the urethra.

List The Structures In Their Correct Sequence

Answer:

Testes → Sperm duct → Urethra

Long Answer Questions

6 questions

Question 1

Given here is a section of the female reproductive system of humans.

(a) Name the parts labelled 1 to 4.

(b) Name the part where fertilisation occurs in the female reproductive system.

Long Answer Questions

Answer:

(a) The parts are:

1 → Ovary
2 → Fallopian tube
3 → Uterus
4 → Vagina

(b) Fallopian tubes (also called Oviduct)

Question 2

Draw neat and labelled diagrams of a sperm and ovum. Answer the following questions:

(a) Is a sperm and an ovum unicellular or multicellular ?

(b) Name the organ of the human body where these gametes are produced.

(d) Name the organ where the fusion of these gametes take place.

(e) What is formed by the fusion of the sperm and ovum ?

Long Answer Questions

Answer:

Labelled diagrams of a sperm and ovum are shown below:

Sperm

Ovum

(a) A sperm and an ovum are unicellular.

(b) In males, the testes produce male gametes (sperms), and in females, the ovaries produce female gametes (eggs).

(d) The fusion of male and female gametes in humans takes place in the fallopian tube.

(e) Zygote is formed by the fusion of the sperm and ovum.

Question 3

Given alongside is a diagram of male reproductive system in humans. Label the parts indicated by numbers 1 to 5, and state their functions.

Long Answer Questions

Answer:

1 → Seminal vesicle — Produce a secretion which serves as a medium for the transportation of the sperms.
2 → Prostate gland — Pours an alkaline secretion into the semen as it passes through the urethra.
3 → Testes — To produce and store sperms and to secrete the male reproductive hormone Testosterone.
4 → Urethra — Carries either Urine or Semen.
5 → Sperm duct — Carries the sperms from the Epididymis to the Urethra.

Question 4

Draw a neat and labelled diagram showing the reproduction in amoeba. Answer the following questions :

(a) Is reproduction in amoeba of the sexual or asexual kind ?

(b) Name the specific kind of reproduction which occurs in amoeba.

(d) What kind of cell division occurs during the reproduction in amoeba?

(e) Give one more example of an organism which reproduces by the same mode of reproduction as that of amoeba.

Long Answer Questions

Answer:

Labelled diagram showing the reproduction in amoeba is shown below:

(a) Reproduction in amoeba is asexual.

(b) Amoeba reproduces by binary fission.

(d) During the reproduction in amoeba, the type of cell division that occurs is mitosis.

(e) E. coli also reproduces by binary fission.

Question 5

Draw a neat and labelled diagram of the human female reproductive system. From the diagram, name the following :

(a) The organ where ovum is produced.

(b) The muscular tube situated between the rectum and the urethra.

(d) A pair of narrow, muscular long ducts extending from each ovary to the upper part of the uterus.

(e) A small lower constricted part of the uterus.

Long Answer Questions

Answer:

Labelled diagram of the human female reproductive system is shown below:

Draw a neat and labelled diagram of the human female reproductive system. Reproduction in Humans, Concise Biology Solutions ICSE Class 8.

(a) Ovary

(b) Vagina

(d) Fallopian tube

(e) Cervix

Question 6

Answer the following questions:

(a) What is budding? Define it.

(b) Is it asexual or sexual mode of reproduction?

(d) Draw and label the diagram of an animal showing the process of budding.

(e) Write the specific locomotory structures of the animal drawn by you in part (d) above.

Long Answer Questions

Answer:

(a) Budding is a form of asexual reproduction in which a protuberance of cell grows from the parent body to form an independent individual.

(b) Budding is an asexual mode of reproduction.

(d) Below labelled diagram shown the process of budding in Hydra:

Answer the following questions: Reproduction in Humans, Concise Biology Solutions ICSE Class 8.

(e) The specific locomotory structures of Hydra, which reproduces by budding, are its tentacles.

Objective Type Questions

6 questions

Question 1(a)

The testes are located within the:

Penis
Scrotum
Ureter
Urinary bladder

Objective Type Questions

Answer:

Scrotum

Reason — Sperms are produced in the testes. A pair of testes lie outside the abdominal cavity in a sac called the scrotum.

Question 1(b)

Amoeba most commonly reproduces by:

Budding
Regeneration
Binary fission
Multiple fission

Objective Type Questions

Answer:

Binary Fission

Reason — Binary fission is the most common method of reproduction in single-celled organisms. In Amoeba, it results in the division of the parent amoeba into two daughter amoeba.

Question 1(c)

Which of the following is a stage formed after the fertilisation of the egg by a sperm?

Ovule
Foetus
Embryo
Zygote

Objective Type Questions

Answer:

Zygote

Reason — A zygote is a fertilised egg. The zygote is formed when the male gamete (sperm) and female gamete (egg) fuse. It's created when sperm meets an egg in one of the fallopian tubes. The zygote grows by cell division and produces an embryo.

Question 1(d)

Internally, the uterus opens into:

Urethra
Vagina
Oviduct
Vulva

Objective Type Questions

Answer:

Vagina

Reason — The uterus is a hollow, inverted pear shaped muscular organ which opens to the outside through a long, muscular tube called the vagina, situated between the rectum and the urethra.

Question 1(e)

There are many specific cellular structures involved in the process of reproduction in humans, like :

1. Gametes
2. Foetus
3. Zygote
4. Embryo

Which of these start resembling with the parents?

Only 1
Only 2 and 3
Only 2
Only 3 and 4

Objective Type Questions

Answer:

Only 2

Reason — The foetus is the developmental stage where the body structures and organs are well-formed, and it starts resembling the parent. Gametes, zygote, and embryo do not resemble the parent in appearance.

Question 1(f)

Which of the following statements is incorrect?

Eggs and sperms are the reproductive gametes.
Fertilization occurs before implantation.
Epididymis is the highly coiled structure found on the upper side of the testis.
Gestation period in humans is 820 days.

Objective Type Questions

Answer:

Gestation period in humans is 820 days.

Reason — Gestation period in humans is 280 days.

Short Answer Questions

8 questions

Question 1(a)

Define Fertilization.

Short Answer Questions

Answer:

The fusion of the male gamete (sperm) and the female gamete (ovum) to form a zygote is called fertilisation.

Question 1(b)

Define Implantation.

Short Answer Questions

Answer:

The process of fixing of the fertilized egg (embryo) to the wall of the uterus is termed implantation.

Question 2(a)

Distinguish between Egg and sperm

Short Answer Questions

Answer:

Difference between Egg and Sperms:

Egg	Sperms
Egg is stationary.	Sperm is capable of performing locomotion.
Egg has no locomotory organ.	Sperm has a special locomotory organ, the tail.
Released one at a time.	Released in millions.
The female gamete.	The male gamete.

Question 2(b)

Distinguish between Sexual Reproduction and asexual reproduction

Short Answer Questions

Answer:

Difference between Sexual Reproduction and Asexual reproduction

Sexual Reproduction	Asexual Reproduction
In Sexual Reproduction male and female gametes are involved and fertilised.	In Asexual Reproduction male and female gametes are not involved.
Two organisms or parents are involved to produce an organism.	A single parent divides itself to two or more number of daughter cells.
This type of reproduction can be seen in higher level organisms.	This type of reproduction can be seen in lower level organisms.
E.g: Humans	E.g: Amoeba

Question 2(c)

Distinguish between Budding and regeneration

Short Answer Questions

Answer:

Difference between Budding and Regeneration

Budding	Regeneration
Budding is a process in which buds grow on the outside of the parents body. The buds detach themselves once they are capable of independent existence.	Regeneration is the process of generating lost parts of the body. It is also happens for reproductive purposes. Some organisms, when cut into multiple pieces then each piece develops into a young organism itself.
Budding is exclusively for reproduction.	Regeneration is for regrowth of lost body and in some cases also for reproduction.

Question 3

State the reason why testes lie outside the abdomen in a scrotum?

Short Answer Questions

Answer:

Testes lie outside the body because the normal body temperature does not allow the maturation of the sperms. In such an arrangement, the testes are at a temperature which is 2-3°C lower than that of the body. This is the most suitable temperature for sperm production and development.

Question 4

Why is it important that a very large number of sperms should be present in the semen?

Short Answer Questions

Answer:

Semen contains a very large number of sperms because out of the millions of sperms released into the vagina, only a few of them are able to reach up to the upper parts of the oviducts. Some die on the way and are absorbed. Only a few of them reach the ovum. Thus, to increase the chances of fertilisation, a very large number of sperms should be present in the semen.

Question 5

State the functions of the following:

(a) Ovary

(b) Testes

(d) Seminal Vesicles

(e) Uterus

Short Answer Questions

Answer:

(a) Ovary — The ovaries have two main reproductive functions in the body. They produce eggs and secrete the reproductive hormones, Oestrogen and Progesterone.

(b) Testes — The two main functions of Testes are to produce and store sperms and to secrete the male reproductive hormone Testosterone.

(d) Seminal vesicles — They produce a secretion which serves as a medium for the transportation of the sperms.

(e) Uterus — The embryo grows and develops in the Uterus.