CBSE Class 9 Science Syllabus 2026-27 — Gravitation Deleted, Simple Machines & Reproduction Added

What's New in 2026-27?

• Gravitation DELETED: The entire chapter on Gravitation (Universal Law of Gravitation, free fall, mass vs weight, Kepler's laws) has been removed from Class 9. These concepts will now be covered in higher classes.
• "Matter in Our Surroundings" REMOVED from Chemistry: The introductory chapter on states of matter, change of state, and evaporation has been deleted. The syllabus now starts directly with "Is Matter Around Us Pure."
• "Improvement in Food Resources" DELETED from Biology: The agriculture and animal husbandry chapter has been removed entirely.
• "Work and Energy" expanded to include Simple Machines: The Physics chapter now covers not just work, energy, and power but also lever, pulley, inclined plane, wheel and axle, screw, and wedge — the six simple machines.
• Two NEW Biology chapters — Reproduction and Diversity: Reproduction (previously only in Class 10) and a new chapter on Biological Diversity have been introduced in Class 9.
• Competency-based assessment: Questions will focus on application, analysis, and real-world problem-solving rather than recall-based answers.

Syllabus Overview — Marks Distribution

Unit	Chapters	Marks
Physics	Motion; Force and Laws of Motion; Work, Energy and Simple Machines; Sound	25
Chemistry	Is Matter Around Us Pure; Atoms and Molecules; Structure of the Atom	22
Biology	The Fundamental Unit of Life (Cell); Tissues; Diversity and Reproduction; Why Do We Fall Ill	23
Practicals / Internal Assessment	Lab work, Activities, Projects	10+20
Total Theory		80
Grand Total		100

Chapter-wise Syllabus

Physics

Chapter 1: Motion — Distance and displacement. Speed, velocity, and acceleration. Uniform and non-uniform motion. Distance-time and velocity-time graphs. Equations of motion (v = u + at, s = ut + ½at², v² = u² + 2as). Uniform circular motion. Numerical problem-solving with motion equations.

Chapter 2: Force and Laws of Motion — Balanced and unbalanced forces. Newton's First Law (inertia), Second Law (F = ma), and Third Law (action-reaction). Momentum and its conservation. Real-life examples of Newton's laws. Numerical problems on force, mass, and acceleration.

Chapter 3: Work, Energy and Simple Machines — Scientific definition of work (W = Fs cos θ). Kinetic energy (½mv²) and potential energy (mgh). Law of conservation of energy. Power (P = W/t). Rate of doing work. NEW — Simple Machines: Lever (three classes), pulley (fixed, movable, compound), inclined plane, wheel and axle, screw, and wedge. Mechanical advantage, velocity ratio, and efficiency of simple machines.

Important: The Simple Machines section is entirely new. Students must understand all six types, their mechanical advantages, and real-world applications. Expect 5-8 marks from this section.

Chapter 4: Sound — Production and propagation of sound. Longitudinal waves. Characteristics: wavelength, frequency, amplitude, time period. Speed of sound in different media. Reflection of sound, echo. Reverberation. Range of hearing. Ultrasound and its applications. Sonar. Human ear structure and function.

Chemistry

Chapter 5: Is Matter Around Us Pure — Mixtures (homogeneous, heterogeneous). Solutions, suspensions, colloidal solutions. Concentration of a solution. Separation techniques: evaporation, centrifugation, chromatography, distillation, crystallisation. Physical and chemical changes. Types of pure substances: elements and compounds.

Chapter 6: Atoms and Molecules — Laws of chemical combination. Dalton's atomic theory. Atomic mass, molecular mass, molar mass. Mole concept (Avogadro's number). Chemical formulae of common compounds. Valency. Writing chemical formulae using criss-cross method. Molecular formula and empirical formula.

Chapter 7: Structure of the Atom — Thomson's, Rutherford's, and Bohr's models of the atom. Subatomic particles: proton, neutron, electron. Atomic number and mass number. Isotopes and isobars. Electronic configuration of elements (up to 20). Valence electrons and chemical properties.

Biology

Chapter 8: The Fundamental Unit of Life — Cell — Cell theory. Prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. Plant cell vs animal cell. Cell organelles: cell membrane, cell wall, nucleus, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, vacuoles, plastids. Cell division basics.

Chapter 9: Tissues — Plant tissues: meristematic (apical, lateral, intercalary) and permanent (simple — parenchyma, collenchyma, sclerenchyma; complex — xylem, phloem). Animal tissues: epithelial, connective (blood, bone, cartilage, adipose), muscular (striated, unstriated, cardiac), nervous.

Chapter 10: Diversity and Reproduction (NEW) — Diversity: Basis of classification, Whittaker's five-kingdom classification (Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, Animalia). Hierarchy of classification. Reproduction: Modes of reproduction — asexual (fission, fragmentation, budding, spore formation, vegetative propagation) and introduction to sexual reproduction. Significance of reproduction in maintaining species diversity.

New Chapter Alert: This combines elements from the old "Diversity in Living Organisms" chapter with Reproduction concepts previously taught only in Class 10. Expect application-based questions linking diversity to reproductive strategies.

Chapter 11: Why Do We Fall Ill — Health and disease. Causes of disease: immediate and contributory. Infectious diseases (caused by bacteria, viruses, fungi, protozoa) and non-infectious diseases. Means of spread. Principles of treatment and prevention. Immunisation. AIDS, TB, Typhoid, Malaria — causes, symptoms, prevention.

Exam Pattern 2026-27

Question Type	Number of Questions	Marks per Question	Total Marks
MCQ (Multiple Choice)	20	1	20
Short Answer Type I	5	2	10
Short Answer Type II	6	3	18
Long Answer	4	5	20
Case-based / Competency	2	4+2	12
Total			80

Deleted vs Added — Quick Summary

Change	Chapter/Topic	Impact
DELETED	Gravitation	No more Universal Law of Gravitation, free fall, or weight/mass problems in Class 9
DELETED	Matter in Our Surroundings	States of matter, change of state, evaporation removed as standalone chapter
DELETED	Improvement in Food Resources	Agriculture, animal husbandry, crop production management removed
EXPANDED	Work and Energy → Work, Energy and Simple Machines	Six simple machines (lever, pulley, inclined plane, etc.) added
NEW	Diversity and Reproduction	Five-kingdom classification + asexual reproduction modes added

Preparation Tips

1. Focus on Simple Machines (Physics): This is entirely new content. Learn all six types, draw their diagrams, and practice numerical problems on mechanical advantage and efficiency.
2. Master the Mole Concept (Chemistry): Atoms and Molecules is the foundation for all future chemistry. Practice mole-to-gram conversions, molecular mass calculations, and formula writing until they are second nature.
3. Study Diversity and Reproduction together: The new chapter integrates classification with reproduction. Create comparison charts for each kingdom's characteristics and reproductive strategies.
4. Draw and label diagrams: Cell organelles, tissue types, atom models, and simple machines all require clear, labelled diagrams. Practice drawing them from memory.
5. Solve numerical problems daily (Physics): Motion equations and force problems carry 15+ marks. Solve at least 5 numerical problems daily from each physics chapter.
6. Practice activity-based questions: CBSE emphasises practical understanding. Know the procedure, observation, and conclusion of every NCERT activity.

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Prepared by Bright Tutorials, Nashik (Shop No. 53-57, Business Signature, Hariom Nagar, Nashik Road, Nashik 422101) | brighttutorials.in | This syllabus guide is based on the official CBSE curriculum for 2026-27. Students should refer to the latest CBSE circulars for any updates. For personal study use only.