Cell — The Structural and Functional Unit of Life — Question 1

(a) Cell — Cell is the structural and functional unit of life capable of independent existence. All cells are basically alike in chemical composition and metabolic processes and arise from a pre-existing cell.

(b) Organelles — Organelles are specialized and membrane-bound, living structures in a cell concerned with definite functions.

(c) Cytoplasm — Cytoplasm is the part of the cell which is inside the cell membrane and outside the nucleus. It is a semi-liquid substance and contains several organelles, each concerned with a specific function.

(d) Protoplasm — The living parts of the cell which consist of cytoplasm, nucleus and other living bodies collectively constitute protoplasm or protoplast.

(e) Nucleus — Nucleus is a large spherical body lying nearly in the centre of the cytoplasm. It is surrounded by a double layered nuclear membrane with nuclear pores.