Draw a neat, generalized diagram of a bacterium and label its six important parts. Answer the following questions.
(i) Name the kingdom to which it belongs.
(ii) Write two characteristic features of the kingdom.
(iii) Name the gelatinous, proteinaceous covering which surrounds the cell wall.
(iv) Mention two cellular organelles which are absent in bacterium.
(v) Write the scientific name of a comma-shaped bacterium.
The generalized diagram of a bacterium is given below:
(i) Bacterium belongs to Kingdom Monera.
(ii) Two characteristic features of Kingdom Monera are:
- Kingdom Monera includes microscopic, unicellular or single celled organisms.
- They have a cell wall, but no nucleus. Hence, they are called Prokaryotic.
(iii) The cell wall is surrounded by a gelatinous or proteinaceous covering called 'capsule'.
(iv) Nucleolus and Mitochondria are two cellular organelles which are absent in bacterium.
(v) The scientific name of a comma-shaped bacterium is Vibrio.
Example- Vibrio cholerae.
Chapter 1: Classification of Plants — ICSE Class VII Biology Notes
Complete ICSE Class VII Biology study guide on Classification of Plants covering all five divisions from Thallophyta to Angiosperms. Learn the differences between monocots and dicots, understand vascular and non-vascular plants, and master plant division features with examples.
Key Concepts and Topics
Topics covered: Thallophyta, Bryophyta, Pteridophyta, Gymnosperms, Angiosperms, Monocots, Dicots
Weightage: Approximately 8 marks in the exam
Important Points to Remember
- Five divisions of plant kingdom from simplest to most complex
- Thallophyta: no true roots/stems/leaves, simple thallus body
- Bryophyta: amphibians of plant world, need water for reproduction
- Pteridophyta: first plants with vascular tissue, reproduce by spores
- Gymnosperms: naked seeds in cones, needle-like leaves
- Angiosperms: flowering plants, seeds in fruits, most diverse group
- Monocots vs Dicots: cotyledons, venation, roots, flower parts
Frequently Asked Questions
Q: What are the five divisions of the plant kingdom?
A: Thallophyta, Bryophyta, Pteridophyta, Gymnosperms, and Angiosperms.
Q: Why are bryophytes called amphibians of the plant world?
A: Because they live on land but need water for reproduction, just like amphibians.
Q: How are monocots different from dicots?
A: Monocots have one cotyledon, parallel leaf veins, and fibrous roots. Dicots have two cotyledons, reticulate veins, and tap roots.
Exam Preparation Tips
- Focus on understanding concepts rather than rote memorization
- Practice drawing and labelling diagrams regularly
- Use comparison tables for topics that require differentiation
- Solve previous year questions and practice papers
- Review the chapter notes provided by Bright Tutorials for comprehensive coverage
For complete chapter notes, practice questions, and test papers, contact Bright Tutorials at 9403781999.