Five uses of Bacteria are:
- Bacteria are used to make antibiotic medicines like Streptomycin.
- Lactobacillus bacteria are used for curdling of milk.
- Acetobacter bacteria is used to make vinegar from fruit juices.
- Bacteria are used in tanning of leather and retting of jute.
- Bacteria causes decay of organic materials, forming manures and composts.
Five uses of Fungi:
- Fungi are important source of food. For example: Agaricus and Morchella
- Yeast is used in baking industry and in the breweries for making alcohol.
- Fungi are good decomposers. They decompose the organic matter and return the nutrient back into the soil.
- Penicillium notatum is used to make penicillin, an important antibiotic.
- Some species of Mucor and Penicillium are also used in ripening of cheese.
Chapter 1: Classification of Plants — ICSE Class VII Biology Notes
Complete ICSE Class VII Biology study guide on Classification of Plants covering all five divisions from Thallophyta to Angiosperms. Learn the differences between monocots and dicots, understand vascular and non-vascular plants, and master plant division features with examples.
Key Concepts and Topics
Topics covered: Thallophyta, Bryophyta, Pteridophyta, Gymnosperms, Angiosperms, Monocots, Dicots
Weightage: Approximately 8 marks in the exam
Important Points to Remember
- Five divisions of plant kingdom from simplest to most complex
- Thallophyta: no true roots/stems/leaves, simple thallus body
- Bryophyta: amphibians of plant world, need water for reproduction
- Pteridophyta: first plants with vascular tissue, reproduce by spores
- Gymnosperms: naked seeds in cones, needle-like leaves
- Angiosperms: flowering plants, seeds in fruits, most diverse group
- Monocots vs Dicots: cotyledons, venation, roots, flower parts
Frequently Asked Questions
Q: What are the five divisions of the plant kingdom?
A: Thallophyta, Bryophyta, Pteridophyta, Gymnosperms, and Angiosperms.
Q: Why are bryophytes called amphibians of the plant world?
A: Because they live on land but need water for reproduction, just like amphibians.
Q: How are monocots different from dicots?
A: Monocots have one cotyledon, parallel leaf veins, and fibrous roots. Dicots have two cotyledons, reticulate veins, and tap roots.
Exam Preparation Tips
- Focus on understanding concepts rather than rote memorization
- Practice drawing and labelling diagrams regularly
- Use comparison tables for topics that require differentiation
- Solve previous year questions and practice papers
- Review the chapter notes provided by Bright Tutorials for comprehensive coverage
For complete chapter notes, practice questions, and test papers, contact Bright Tutorials at 9403781999.