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ICSE Class 8 Biology Question 7 of 16

The Circulatory System — Question 9

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Given alongside is a diagram of the human heart showing its internal structure. Label the parts marked 1 to 6, and answer the following questions.

Given alongside is a diagram of the human heart showing its internal structure. Label the parts marked 1 to 6, and answer the following questions. Which type of blood is carried by the blood vessel marked 2? Name the main artery which takes the blood from heart to different parts of the body? Which chamber of the heart receives deoxygenated blood from the body? The Circulatory System, Concise Biology Solutions ICSE Class 8.

(a) Which type of blood is carried by the blood vessel marked 2?

(b) Name the main artery which takes the blood from heart to different parts of the body?

(c) Which chamber of the heart receives deoxygenated blood from the body?

Answer

The parts marked 1 to 6 are labelled below:

  • 1 → Left pulmonary artery

  • 2 → Superior vena cava

  • 3 → Left pulmonary vein

  • 4 → Right auricle

  • 5 → Left ventricle

  • 6 → Right ventricle

(a) Deoxygenated blood is carried by the blood vessel marked 2 (Superior vena cava).

(b) Aorta

(c) Right auricle

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Circulatory System – Interactive Study Guide

Quick Overview

The circulatory system transports blood, oxygen, nutrients, and hormones throughout the body. It consists of the heart (pump), blood (transport medium), and blood vessels (pipelines).

Blood Components

ComponentFunctionKey Fact
Plasma (55%)Transports dissolved substances90% water, carries nutrients, hormones, waste
RBCCarry oxygenBiconcave disc, no nucleus, contain haemoglobin
WBCFight infectionsHave nucleus, larger than RBC, immune defence
PlateletsBlood clottingCell fragments, no nucleus

Blood Group Quick Reference

ABO System

O = Universal Donor (no antigens) | AB = Universal Recipient (no antibodies)

GroupAntigenAntibody
AAanti-B
BBanti-A
ABA & BNone
ONoneanti-A & anti-B

Heart – Quick Facts

  • 4 chambers: RA, RV, LA, LV
  • 4 valves: Tricuspid (R), Bicuspid (L), 2 Semilunar
  • Septum divides right (deoxy) from left (oxy)
  • Left ventricle = thickest wall

Double Circulation

Two Circuits

Pulmonary: RV → Pulmonary artery → Lungs → Pulmonary veins → LA

Systemic: LV → Aorta → Body → Vena cava → RA

Blood Vessels Comparison

ArteriesVeinsCapillaries
DirectionAway from heartTo heartConnect A to V
WallsThickThin1 cell thick
ValvesNoYesNo

Self-Test Questions

Test Yourself
  1. Why is the left ventricle wall thicker than the right?
  2. Draw and label the human heart.
  3. What is double circulation? Describe both circuits.
  4. Why is blood group O called universal donor?
  5. What is the function of valves in veins?

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