Question 1

Question 1(a)Distinguish between a hazard and a disaster.

Accepted Answer

Slno.HazardDisaster1.The destruction caused by nature or human beings is called a hazard.The hazard that causes loss of lives and destruction of properties is called a disaster.2.It has potential to cause damage to life and property.If the harm is already done, it is termed as disaster.3.All hazards are not disaster.All disasters are hazards.

Question 2

Question 1(c)What is the role of the Indian Meteorological Department in disaster management?

Accepted Answer

The Indian Meteorological Department studies the development and movement of cyclones, forecast heavy rains and thunderstorms etc. Thus, it helps to warn people, airports, seaports regarding the dangers. This help people as well as government agencies to prepare themselves before the disaster.

Question 3

Question 3(a)What are the weapons of mass destruction?

Accepted Answer

The weapons of mass destruction (WMD) include those articles which can cause nuclear, chemical or biological warfare. Nuclear weapons and misuse of chemicals for destructive purposes are examples of weapons of mass destruction.

Question 4

Question 3(b)What is a biological attack?

Accepted Answer

A biological attack means the release of germs or other biological substances. Such substances can enter the body through inhalation, cuts in the skin and food, and make one sick.

Question 5

Question 3(c)Mention two precautions that should be taken in case of accidental disasters.

Accepted Answer

Two precautions that should be taken in case of accidental disasters are:We should follow the traffic rules to avoid road accidents.We should inform the police station or fire station immediately after any road, rail or fire accident.

Question 6

Question 4(a)Define disaster management.

Accepted Answer

The preparedness to handle a disaster before it occurs, the response given during a disaster and the recovery activities undertaken after a disaster so as to prevent or mitigate the impact of a disaster is called disaster management.

Question 7

Question 4(b)Mention three works carries out by NDRF in times of disaster.

Accepted Answer

Three works carries out by NDRF in times of disaster are:Evacuate people and animals and shift them to safe shelters before a cyclone strikes.Search and rescue people.Remove fallen and uprooted trees to clear roads.

Question 8

Question 4(c)Why was NIDM set up?

Accepted Answer

NIDM was set up for training and research on disaster risk mitigation and management. It aims to make India disaster free by developing and promoting a culture of prevention and preparedness at all levels.

Question 9

Question 5(a)Name the national parks which are affected by the Assam floods.

Accepted Answer

The national parks which are affected by Assam floods are:Kaziranga National ParkPobitora Wildlife SanctuaryNameri National Park

Question 10

Question 5(b)What was the cause of Gorhka earthquake?

Accepted Answer

Gorkha earthquake was caused due to the sudden release of stress along the fault line between the Indian and the Eurasian tectonic plates.

Question 11

Question 5(c)Define oil slick.

Accepted Answer

Oil Slick is a thin layer of oil on the surface of water which is formed after an oil spill.

Question 12

Question 5(d)How does an oil spill affect the wildlife?

Accepted Answer

An oil spill affects the marine birds, mammals and fish. The oil penetrates into the plumage of birds and furs of mammals which restricts their movement in water and reduces their ability to find food or to escape from predators. Besides, the oil is also swallowed by the birds and other marine creatures which affects their digestive system and finally kills them.

Question 13

Question 5The Deepwater Horizon oil spill occurred in the Gulf of ...............(Mexico/Alaska).

Accepted Answer

The Deepwater Horizon oil spill occured in the Gulf of Mexico.

Question 14

Question 2River Brahmaputra causes flood every year.

Accepted Answer

The River Brahmaputra and its tributaries bring large amount of water and silt from its upper course in the mountains. The silt deposits on the river bed and reduces the water-holding capacity of the river. In addition to this, when heavy rainfall occurs during the monsoon, the Brahmaputra river and its tributaries are unable to carry the excess water resulting in floods every year.

Question 15

Question 4Mention the names of three organizations that the Government of India has set up for disaster management.

Accepted Answer

Three organizations that the Government of India has set up for disaster management are:National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA)National Disaster Response Force (NDRF)National Institute of Disaster Management (NDIM)

Disasters and their Management

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