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ICSE Class 10 Chemistry Question 1 of 93

Organic Chemistry — Question 12

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Question 12

Draw the structural formula of each of the following :

AlkaneAlkeneAlkyne
(a) Methane(a) No corresponding alkene(a) No corresponding alkyne
(b) Ethane(b) Ethene(b) Ethyne
(c) Propane(c) Propene(c) Propyne
(d) Butane
-chain isomers
(i) 1-butane [n-butane]
(ii) 2-methyl propane [iso-butane]		(d) Butene
-Position isomers
(i) 1-butene (ii) 2-butene
- Chain isomer
(i) 2-methyl prop-1-ene		(d) Butyne
-Position isomers
(i) 1-butyne (ii) 2-butyne
(e) Pentane
- chain isomers
(i) 1-pentane [n-pentane]
(ii) 2-methyl butane [iso-pentane]
(iii) 2-2-dimethylpropane [neo-pentane]		Pentene
- Position isomers
(i) 1-pentene
(ii) 2-pentene
-Chain isomer
(i) 2-methyl but-1-ene
(ii) 3-methyl but-1-ene		(e) Pentyne
- Position isomers
(i) 1-pentyne
(ii) 2-pentyne
-Chain isomer
3-methyl but-1-yne
AlcoholsAldehydesCarboxylic acids
(a) Methanol [methyl alcohol](a) Methanal [formaldehyde](a) Methanoic acid [formic acid]
(b) Ethanol [ethyl alcohol](b) Ethanal [acetaldehyde](b) Ethanoic acid [acetic acid]
(c) Propanol
- Position isomers
(i) 1-propanol [n-propylalcohol]
(ii) 2-propanol [iso-propylalcohol]		(c) Propanal [propionaldehyde](c) Propanoic acid [propionic acid]
(d) Butanol
- Position isomers
(i) 1-butanol
(ii) 2-butanol

- Chain isomer
(i) 2-methyl propan 1 -ol
(ii) 2-methyl propan 2 -ol		(d) Butanal [butraldehyde](d) Butanoic acid [butyric acid]
- Chain isomer
(i) 2-methyl propanoic acid [iso-butyriac acid]
(e) Pentanol
-Position isomers
(i) 1-pentanol
(ii) 2-pentanol
(iii) 3-pentanol		  
KetonesAlkyl HalidesEtherEster
(a) Propanone [acetone](a) Monochloro methane [methyl chloride](a) Methoxy methane [dimethyl ether](a) Methyl methanoate [methyl formate]
(b) 2-Butanone [ethyl methyl ketone](b) Bromoethane [ethyl bromide](b) Methoxy ethane [ethyl methyl ether](b) Methyl ethanoate [methyl acetate]
(c) 3-Pentanone [diethyl ketone](c) Iodomethane [methyl iodide](c) Ethoxy ethane [diethyl ether](c) Ethyl ethanoate [ethyl acetate]
Answer

The structural formulae are shown below:

Alkane

(a) Methane

Structural formula for Methane. Organic Chemistry, Simplified Chemistry Dalal Solutions ICSE Class 10

(b) Ethane

Structural formula for Ethane. Organic Chemistry, Simplified Chemistry Dalal Solutions ICSE Class 10

(c) Propane

Structural formula for Propane. Organic Chemistry, Simplified Chemistry Dalal Solutions ICSE Class 10

(d) Butane - Chain isomers

(i) 1-butane (n-butane)

Give the structural formulae of n-butane. Organic Chemistry, Simplified Chemistry Dalal Solutions ICSE Class 10

(ii) 2-methyl propane [iso-butane]

Give the structural formulae of 2-methyl propane. Organic Chemistry, Simplified Chemistry Dalal Solutions ICSE Class 10

(e) Pentane - Chain isomers

(i) 1-pentane [n-pentane]

Structural formula for n-pentane. Organic Chemistry, Simplified Chemistry Dalal Solutions ICSE Class 10

(ii) 2-methyl butane [iso-pentane]

Structural formula for 2-methyl butane. Organic Chemistry, Simplified Chemistry Dalal Solutions ICSE Class 10

(iii) 2-2-dimethylpropane [neo-pentane]

Structural formula for 2-2-dimethylpropane. Organic Chemistry, Simplified Chemistry Dalal Solutions ICSE Class 10

Alkene

(b) Ethene

Structural formula for Ethene. Organic Chemistry, Simplified Chemistry Dalal Solutions ICSE Class 10

(c) Propene

Structural formula for Propene. Organic Chemistry, Simplified Chemistry Dalal Solutions ICSE Class 10

(d) Butene - Position isomers

(i) 1-butene

Structural formula for 1-butene. Organic Chemistry, Simplified Chemistry Dalal Solutions ICSE Class 10

(ii) 2-butene

Structural formula for 2-butene. Organic Chemistry, Simplified Chemistry Dalal Solutions ICSE Class 10

(d) Butene - Chain isomers

(i) 2-methyl prop-1-ene

Structural formula for 2-methyl prop-1-ene. Organic Chemistry, Simplified Chemistry Dalal Solutions ICSE Class 10

(e) Pentene - Position isomers

(i) 1-pentene

Structural formula for 1-pentene. Organic Chemistry, Simplified Chemistry Dalal Solutions ICSE Class 10

(ii) 2-pentene

Structural formula for 2-pentene. Organic Chemistry, Simplified Chemistry Dalal Solutions ICSE Class 10

(e) Pentene - Chain isomers

(i) 2-methyl but-1-ene

Structural formula for 2-methyl but-1-ene. Organic Chemistry, Simplified Chemistry Dalal Solutions ICSE Class 10

(ii) 3-methyl but-1-ene

Structural formula for 3-methyl but-1-ene. Organic Chemistry, Simplified Chemistry Dalal Solutions ICSE Class 10

Alkyne

(b) Ethyne

Structural formula for Ethyne. Organic Chemistry, Simplified Chemistry Dalal Solutions ICSE Class 10

(c) Propyne

Structural formula for Propyne. Organic Chemistry, Simplified Chemistry Dalal Solutions ICSE Class 10

(d) Butyne - Position isomers

(i) 1-butyne

Structural formula of 1-butyne. Organic Chemistry, Simplified Chemistry Dalal Solutions ICSE Class 10

ii) 2-butyne

Structural formula of 2-butyne. Organic Chemistry, Simplified Chemistry Dalal Solutions ICSE Class 10

(e) Pentyne — Position isomers

(i) 1-pentyne

Structural formula of 1-pentyne. Organic Chemistry, Simplified Chemistry Dalal Solutions ICSE Class 10.

(ii) 2-pentyne

Structural formula of 2-pentyne. Organic Chemistry, Simplified Chemistry Dalal Solutions ICSE Class 10.

(e) Pentyne — Chain isomer

(i) 3-methyl but-1-yne

Structural formula of 3-methyl but-1-yne. Organic Chemistry, Simplified Chemistry Dalal Solutions ICSE Class 10.

Alcohol

(a) Methanol [methyl alcohol]

Structural formula of Methanol. Organic Chemistry, Simplified Chemistry Dalal Solutions ICSE Class 10.

(b) Ethanol [ethyl alcohol]

Structural formula of Ethanol. Organic Chemistry, Simplified Chemistry Dalal Solutions ICSE Class 10.

(c) Propanol — Position isomers

(i) 1-propanol [n-propylalcohol]

Structural formula of 1-propanol. Organic Chemistry, Simplified Chemistry Dalal Solutions ICSE Class 10.

(ii) 2-propanol [iso-propylalcohol]

Structural formula of 2-propanol. Organic Chemistry, Simplified Chemistry Dalal Solutions ICSE Class 10.

(d) Butanol — Position isomers

(i) 1-butanol

Structural formula of 2-propanol. Organic Chemistry, Simplified Chemistry Dalal Solutions ICSE Class 10.

(ii) 2-butanol

Structural formula of 2-butanol. Organic Chemistry, Simplified Chemistry Dalal Solutions ICSE Class 10.

(d) Butanol — Chain isomers

(i) 2-methyl propan-1-ol

Structural formula of 2-methyl propan-1-ol. Organic Chemistry, Simplified Chemistry Dalal Solutions ICSE Class 10

(ii) 2-methyl propan-2-ol

Structural formula of 2-methyl propan-2-ol. Organic Chemistry, Simplified Chemistry Dalal Solutions ICSE Class 10

(e) Pentanol — Position isomers

(i) 1-pentanol

Structural formula of 1-pentanol. Organic Chemistry, Simplified Chemistry Dalal Solutions ICSE Class 10

(ii) 2-pentanol

Structural formula of 2-pentanol. Organic Chemistry, Simplified Chemistry Dalal Solutions ICSE Class 10

(iii) 3-pentanol

Structural formula of 3-pentanol. Organic Chemistry, Simplified Chemistry Dalal Solutions ICSE Class 10

Aldehydes

(a) Methanal [formaldehyde]

Structural formula of Methanal. Organic Chemistry, Simplified Chemistry Dalal Solutions ICSE Class 10

(b) Ethanal [acetaldehyde]

Structural formula of Ethanal. Organic Chemistry, Simplified Chemistry Dalal Solutions ICSE Class 10

(c) Propanal [propionaldehyde]

Structural formula of Propanal. Organic Chemistry, Simplified Chemistry Dalal Solutions ICSE Class 10.

(d) Butanal [butraldehyde]

Structural formula of Butanal. Organic Chemistry, Simplified Chemistry Dalal Solutions ICSE Class 10.

Carboxylic acids

(a) Methanoic acid [formic acid]

Structural formula of Methanoic acid. Organic Chemistry, Simplified Chemistry Dalal Solutions ICSE Class 10.

(b) Ethanoic acid [acetic acid]

Structural formula of Ethanoic acid. Organic Chemistry, Simplified Chemistry Dalal Solutions ICSE Class 10.

(c) Propanoic acid [propionic acid]

Structural formula of Propanoic acid. Organic Chemistry, Simplified Chemistry Dalal Solutions ICSE Class 10.

(d) Butanoic acid [butyric acid] - Chain isomer

(i) 2-methyl propanoic acid [iso-butyriac acid]

Structural formula of 2-methyl Propanoic acid. Organic Chemistry, Simplified Chemistry Dalal Solutions ICSE Class 10.

Ketones

(a) Propanone [acetone]

Structural formula of Propanone. Organic Chemistry, Simplified Chemistry Dalal Solutions ICSE Class 10.

(b) 2-Butanone [ethyl methyl ketone]

Structural formula of 2-Butanone. Organic Chemistry, Simplified Chemistry Dalal Solutions ICSE Class 10.

(c) 3-Pentanone [diethyl ketone]

Structural formula of 3-Pentanone. Organic Chemistry, Simplified Chemistry Dalal Solutions ICSE Class 10.

Alkyl Halides

(a) Monochloro methane [methyl chloride]

Structural formula of Monochloro methane. Organic Chemistry, Simplified Chemistry Dalal Solutions ICSE Class 10.

(b) Bromoethane [ethyl bromide]

Structural formula of Bromoethane. Organic Chemistry, Simplified Chemistry Dalal Solutions ICSE Class 10.

(c) Iodomethane [methyl iodide]

Structural formula of Iodomethane. Organic Chemistry, Simplified Chemistry Dalal Solutions ICSE Class 10.

Ether

(a) Methoxy methane [dimethyl ether]

Structural formula of Methoxy methane. Organic Chemistry, Simplified Chemistry Dalal Solutions ICSE Class 10.

(b) Methoxy ethane [ethyl methyl ether]

Structural formula of Methoxy ethane. Organic Chemistry, Simplified Chemistry Dalal Solutions ICSE Class 10.

(c) Ethoxy ethane [diethyl ether]

Structural formula of Ethoxy ethane. Organic Chemistry, Simplified Chemistry Dalal Solutions ICSE Class 10.

Ester

(a) Methyl methanoate [methyl formate]

Structural formula of Methyl methanoate. Organic Chemistry, Simplified Chemistry Dalal Solutions ICSE Class 10.

(b) Methyl ethanoate [methyl acetate]

Structural formula of Methyl ethanoate. Organic Chemistry, Simplified Chemistry Dalal Solutions ICSE Class 10.

(c) Ethyl ethanoate [ethyl acetate]

Structural formula of Methyl ethanoate. Organic Chemistry, Simplified Chemistry Dalal Solutions ICSE Class 10.